PHENOMENAL BERRY 



PHENOMENAL BERRY: See article on Loganberry, page 1900. 



PHILADELPHUS (named for the ancient Egyptian 

 king, Ptolemy Philadelphus, who reigned from 285 to 

 247 B.C.). Saxifragdcex. SYRIXGA. MOCK ORANGE. 

 Popular ornamental deciduous or rarely half-evergreen 

 shrubs. 



Leaves opposite, entire to variously toothed, occa- 

 sionally slightly revolute, and almost invariably ciliate: 

 fls. often very "fragrant, mostly white, a few creamy or 

 with purple or rosy spots at or near the base of the 

 petals, in racemes, or solitary or in cymose groups of 

 1-6; calyx-lobes, petals, and styles usually 4; stamens 

 numerous: fr. a dehiscent commonly 2-parted 4- 

 valved many-seeded caps. About 30^-35 species have 

 been described. The genus is essentially Asiatic and 

 American. P. coronarius is certainly a native of 

 Armenia and the Caucasus, and several varieties of it 



PHILADELPHUS 



2579 



f * Vf^r 



2902. Philadelphus coronarius. 



extend the range to Japan, and it is wild in Eu., but 

 whether or where it is native is uncertain, because it 

 has undoubtedly sometimes escaped from cult. The 

 genus has 3 roughly defined areas of distribution, X. 

 Asia and Japan, W. Amer. from Brit. Col. to Calif.), 

 S. Atlantic States, and Mex. It has no well-marked 

 characters which may be used to separate the species, 

 which therefore often resemble each other closely and 

 are sometimes connected by intermediate forms. The 

 latest treatment of the genus is in Schneider's Illus- 

 triertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde, vol. 1, p. 362 

 (1905). On account of the great confusion of names in 

 the genus, rather more synonymy than usual is given, 

 but the selection is nevertheless of the names more 

 likely to be met with or to cause confusion. The com- 

 plete synonymy is far larger. 



Syringa. the common name of Philadelphus, is 

 identical with the generic name of the lilac. This arises 

 from the use of Syringa by the old herbalists. Thus, in 

 1597, John Gerarde in his "Herball" gives Syringa alba, 

 white pipe, S. caerulea, blue pipe, and S. arabica, 

 Arabian pipe, the first being Philaddphus coronarius, 

 the second Syringa rulgaris (lilac), and the third Jas- 

 minum Sambac. Tournefort, in 1700, selected Syringa 

 for the first, but Linnaeus, whom we follow, chose to use 

 it for the second. However, Tournefort 's usage pre- 

 vailed in English speech, while the Germans call 

 Philadelphus either Pfeifenstrauch (=pipe-shrub, like 

 the herbalists' "pipe," above) or Jasmin, perpetuating 



the third element in the original heterogeneous syringa. 

 The French also use syringa as the common name of 

 Philadelphus, but in the form seringat. 



Philadelphus generally blossoms in June; in fact, it 

 is remarkable for the uniformity of the blossoming 

 period, both in cultivation and in its native haunts, 

 throughout the world. Most of the members of the 

 genus are hardy North, except P. Coulteri, P. mexicanus, 

 and the other Mexican species. They are well adapted 

 to shrubberies and mostly do not grow very high, the 

 tallest being P. pubescens, attaining a height of about 

 20 feet; others, as P. coronarius, P. Zeyheri, and P. 

 inodorus, grow nearly as high, while P. microphyUus 

 hardly exceeds 3 feet. If priming is needed it should be 

 done after flowering, since the flowers appear on the 

 wood formed the previous year. Usually propagation 

 is by hardwood cuttings, or by suckers and greenwood 

 cuttings under glass; also by layers and by seeds, but 

 when several species are growing together they are 

 likely to hybridise. 



INDEX. 



For a few vernacular names, sometimes popularly written with- 

 out a preceding specific name, see P. Lemoinei, of which they are 

 really varieties. 



acuminatus, 6. guatemdlensis, 24. Perle Blanche, 16. 



BiUiardii, 18. hirsutus, 23. phantasia, 11. 



ealifornicut, 5. incanus, 8. primvlxflants, 6. 



eolumbianus, 5. inodorus, 21, 23. pubescens, 18, 22. 



Conquete, 13. insignis, 18. purpureo-maculatus, 



cordifoliu*, 5. intectus, 18. 



coronarius, 3, 4, 6,21. Kochianut, 4. Rehdenanus, < . 



Coulteri, 26. latifoliui, 18. Rosace, 15. 



dianthiflorug, 6. laxus, 21, 22. roszflorus, 6. 



erectus, 10. Lemoinei, 10. sahcifohus, 6. 



Eitoile Rose, 12. Lewisii, 5. soteumanu*. 6. 



Falconeri, 17. Magdalen* 20. soteurm, 6. 



fimbriatus 10. mexicanus, 24, 26. sempemrens,_2i. 



flore-pleno, 6. microphyllus 25. sencanthus, /. 



floribundus, 9. multiflanttpknus, 6. speciosissimus, 6. 



foliis argenteo-mar- nanus, 6. tpeciosus, 2.. 



giaatis, 6. nepalensis, 1, 6. tomentosus, 6. 



foliis aureis, 6. """^H,, 6 ' , tnnernus, " 



Gordonianws, 5, 18. Nuee Blanche, 14. yemicosus^ 19. 



aracilis, 23. poflu/u*, 6. \ oie Lactee, 2. 



grandiflorus, 6, 9, 18, pekmensis 3. ypkohama, 6. 



21, 22. penduhfohus, 19. Zeyhen, 4, 6. 



A. Fls. in simple or rarely compound racemes (Nos. 1-20). 



B. Calyx glabrous without, or with some scattered hairs 



(except in P. sericanthus and P. incanus). 



c. Pistils little or not at all exceeding the stamens. 



D. Styles separating less than half way down (except 



often in varieties of P. Lemoinei) (A r os. 1-12). 

 E. Lvs. some, generally most, of the mature ones more 



than 1% in. long. 



F. The Ivs. of young succulent shoots and suckers not 

 approaching a circular outline, usually moderately 

 toothed, if at att. 

 G. The calyx essentially glabrous without. 



1. nepalensis, Koehne. Upright shrub to about 5ft.: 

 Ivs. at maturity about 1^-1% in. long, ovate-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, evenly and distantly mucronate- 

 denticulate, with white or yellowish tufts of hairs in 

 the axils of lateral veins, especially on Ivs. of young 

 succulent shoots and suckers: fls. practically scentless; 

 cup of the calyx and caps, plainly acute to long- 

 pointed at base. June. X.E. Himalayas. 



2. Voie Lactee. Hybrid between P. nepalensis and 

 P. microphyUus. Similar to the preceding and superior 

 to it, most readily distinguished by the Ivs. of the 

 young succulent shoots and suckers, which are more 

 coarsely toothed, and not so long-pointed: caps, not 

 seen but probably more rounded at base. June. 

 G.M. 55:554. G.W*. 17, p. 103. 



3. pekinensis, Rupr. (P. coronarius var. pekinensis, 

 Maxim.). Erect shrub, to 5 ft., closely resembling P. 

 nepalensis, but without the characteristic tufts of hairs 

 on lower If .-surf aces, and usually with purplish petioles. 

 May, June. Mongolia, X. China. 



