PICEA 



PICEA 



2617 



foot, and this is doubtless one of the largest specimens 

 in cultivation. 



Of the foreign piceas, P. excelsa is most popular; 

 in fact is the best known and most largely planted of 

 any of the genus. It makes a large fine-looking tree, 

 grows in a great variety of soils, is hardy throughout 

 most of North America, is the most rapid grower of any 

 of the piceas, and stands close planting very well. It is 

 used more than any other tree for windbreaks and 

 shelter-belts. It bears pruning well. Hedges of this 

 species and P. canadensis that have been planted more 

 than forty years are growing on the Douglas grounds 

 that are now 8 feet high, and 9^ feet across the base. 

 One fine specimen tree on these grounds measures about 

 63 feet high and 64 feet from tip to tip of its lower 

 branches. Other foreign species, but not so well known 

 nor so thoroughly tested as the preceding, are P. obovata, 

 a close compact-growing tree dark green in color. P. 

 Smithiana or P. Morinda is one of the handsomest of 

 the piceas, but is not hardy in the northern states, plants 

 from seed collected at an elevation of 8,000 feet on the 

 Himalaya Mountains not proving hardy. Fine speci- 

 mens of this tree are found in California, where it is 

 justly prized. P. Omorika from southeastern Europe 

 is one of the best of the hardy foreign piceas; it does 

 well in the eastern states and forms a narrow pyramid 

 with slender branches clothed with dark glossy foliage. 

 There are several species of Picea from China and 

 Japan that will doubtless prove hardy in the eastern 

 states. Of these P.jezoensis var. honddensis has proved 

 one of the best in the eastern states; also P. bicolor, 

 which forms a handsome pyramidal tree of rapid growth 

 with dark green foliage, has proved perfectly hardy. 

 All piceas will stand the pruning-knife, but this should 

 be used not later than July 1 in the northern states and 

 earlier farther south. They are propagated from seed 

 the same as larix; and their varieties, of which there are 

 a great number, are either grafted or raised from cut- 

 tings over bottom heat. 



INDEX. 



For names not found here or in the supplementary list, con- 

 sult Abies and Tsuga. 



Abies, 5. Ellwangeriana, 5. nova, 16. 



acicularis, 16. Engelmannii, 11. nutans, 7. 



ajanensis, 14. ereda, 5. obovata, 2, 6. 



alba, 10. erythrocarpa, 5. Omorika, 17. 



albertiana, 10. excelsa, 5, 6. orientalis, 7. 



Alcockiana, 14, 16. fastigiata, 9. Parryana, 12. 



alpestris, 5. fennica, 5. pendula, 5, 10, 12. 



argentea, 10, 11, 12. finedonensis. 5. polita, 3. 



argenteo-spicata, 5. flavescens, 12. ponderosa, 4. 



asperata. 4. glauca, 10, 11, 12. procumbens, 5. 



aurea, 5. 12. globosa, 2. pseudopungens, 1L 



aureo-spicata, 7. Gregoryana, 5. pumila, 9. 



australis, 8. hondoeasis. 14. pungens, 12. 



Barryi, 5. inversa, 5. purpurea, 15. 



Beissneriana. 9. japonica, 16. pygmsa, 5. 



bicolor, 3, 16. jeroensis, 14. pyramidalis, 5. 



brerifolia, 9. Khuiroir, 1. reflexa, 5, 16. 



Breweriana, 18. Kosteri, 12. Remontii, 5. 



caerulea, 10, 12. laxa, 10. repens, 5. 



canadensis, 10. mariana, 9. rubenf, 8. 



capitata, 5. Maxweltii, 5. rubra, 5, 8, 10. 



chlorocarpa. 5. mediarima, 5. Schrenkiana, 2. 



Clanbrasiliana. 5. Afenziesi'i, 12, 13. Eemi-virgata, 7. 



columbiana, 11. microsperma, 14. sitchensis, 13. 



columnaris, 5. Moerheimii, 12. Smithiana. 1. 



commulala, 11. 12. monocaulis, 5. speciosa, 13. 



compacta, 5, 12. monstrosa, 5. tabuliformis, 5. 



conica, 5. Morinda, II Torano, 3. 



cupreisina, 5. mutabilis. 5. viminalis, 5. 



dtnudata. 5. nana, 5, 7, 9. tiolacea, 10. 



Doumetii, 9. nigra, 9. virgata, 5, 8. 



dumosa, 5. notabilis, 4. vindis, 12. 

 elata, 5. 



KEY TO THE SPECIE?. 



A. LTS. quadrangular, all 4 sides with 



stomata. 



B. Scales of cone obonate or orbicular, 

 refunded, closely oppressed before 

 ripening. 

 c. Cones 2%-6 in. long. 



D. Length of Its. %-2 in.: young 

 branchlets glabrous, more or 

 less pendulous. 



E. Lrs. spreading, sometimes 2 



in. long: winter buds acute. 1. Smithiana 

 EE. Lts. pointing foward, not 

 over 1% in. long: winter 



buds obtuse 2. Schrenkiana 



DD. Length of Ivs. %-l in. 



E. Lrs. spreading, rigid, sharply 

 pointed: branchlets gla- 

 brous, pale yellow 3. polita 



EE. Lts. pointing forward. 



F. Young branchlets pale yel- 

 lowish gray, pubescent: 

 petioles very prominent, 



often recurved 4. asperata 



FF. Young branchlets brown, 



puberulous or glabrous. 

 o. Cones jfc-6 in. long, or 

 shorter in some varie- 

 ties with stiff scales: 

 branchlets glabrous or 



sparingly hairy 5. excelsa 



GG. Cones less than 4 in- 

 long, with flexible 

 scales: branchlets 



puberulous 6. obovata 



DDD. Length of Its. less than %in.: 

 Its. bright green, lustrous, 

 obtusish: branchlets pubescent, 



light brown 7. orientalis 



cc. Cones %-2 in. long. 



D. Young branchlets pubescent. 

 E. Color of Ivs. dark green, lus- 

 trous: cones ovate-oblong, 

 very short-stalked, decidu- 

 ous; scales entire or den- 

 ticulate 8. rubra 



EE. Color of Its. dull, usually 

 bluish green: cones ovate, 

 distinctly stalked, persistent 

 for many years; scales 



erase or dentate 9. mariana 



DD. Young branchlets glabrous, 



light brownish yellow 10. canadensis 



BB. Scales of cone oblong or rhomboidal, 

 erase at the margin and usually 

 striate and undulate, thin, very 

 loosely oppressed or slightly 

 spreading. 



c. Winter buds with oppressed scales: 

 branchlets pubescent: Ins. point- 

 ing forward, rather flexible 11. Engelmannii 



cc. Winter buds with loose scales 

 revolute at the apex: branchlets 

 glabrous: Its. spreading, rigid. . . 12. pungens 

 AA. Lts. more or less compressed, with 2 

 white lines above, green below or 

 sometimes with few stomata. 

 B. Cone-scales rhomboidal, erose-dentic- 

 ulate, flexible, loosely oppressed. 

 c. Cones brown at maturity: Ivs. 



flattened. 



D. Bracts visible between the scales 

 of the cone: Ivs. rigid, pun- 

 gent; mature branchlets 

 orange-brown: winter buds 



ovate 13. sitchensis 



DD. Bracts not risiWe: Ivs. not pun- 

 gent: mature branchlets green- 

 ish to light reddish brown: 



winter buds conical 14. jezoensis 



CC. Cones purple: branchlets orange- 

 yellow, setose: Its. quadrangular, 



somewhat compressed 15. purpurea 



BB. Cone-scales orbicular or obovate, 



closely oppressed before maturity, 

 c. Branchlets glabrous, only leading 

 shoot more or less hairy or all 

 pubescent: Ivs. quadrangular, 



somewhat compressed 16. bicolor 



cc. Branchlets always pubescent: Its. 



much compressed. 

 D. Lrs. keeled, l A~}^in. long: 



branchlets short 17. Omorika 



DD. Lrs. nearly rounded on both 

 sides, }^-l in. long: branchlets 

 long, drooping 18. Breweriana 



