2626 



PIMENTA 



PINE 



Allspice is the unripe berry of P. officinalis, which is 

 gathered and dried in the sun. Its name comes from 

 the idea that allspice combines the flavors of clove, 

 cinnamon, and nutmeg. Allspice is common in the wild 

 in Jamaica, inhabiting limestone soil. It is more exten- 

 sively cultivated or run wild in Jamaica than anywhere 

 else. It is cultivated up to 4,000 feet. The plant is not 



2950. Flowers of allspice. ( X 2) 



offered in the American trade, but there seems no reason 

 why it could not be cultivated in Porto Rico. 



officinalis, Berg. (Eugenia Pimento., DC.). ALLSPICE. 

 PIMENTO. Figs. 2949, 2950. Distinguished from the 

 other species by the oblong Ivs., 4-lobed calyx and 

 globose drupe. Tree, 30-40 ft. high: Ivs. 2-6 in. long; 

 petiole ^in. long: fls. 3 lines long: drupe 3 lines thick. 

 Cuba, Jamaica, Mex., Cent. Amer. B.M. 1236 (as 

 Myrtus Pimento, var. longifolia) . 



P. den's, Kostel., the bayberry or bay-rum tree is by some 

 separated in the genus Amomis (A. caryophyllata, Krug & Urb.), 

 a shrub or small tree in the W. Indies, Venezuela, and Guiana, from 

 the dried Ivs. of which (and probably also from other myrtaceous 

 plants) the bay oil or oil of myrica is distilled: bark separating in 

 shreds or plates: Ivs. shining above, very aromatic. 



L. H. B. 



PIMPERNEL!: Anagallis. 



PIMPINELLA (possibly from Latin bipinnula, bi- 

 pinnate). Umbelliferas. About 75 species of herbs, one of 

 which has been described under Anise. P. integerrima, 

 Gray (see Tsenidia), has been offered by one dealer in 

 hardy native plants. It differs from Anise in being a 

 perennial plant with Ivs. 2-3-ternate and 

 segms. entire. B.B. 2:526. P. major, Huds. 

 (P. mdgna, Linn.). Sts. 1-2 ft., angularly 

 striate: Ivs. pinnate, Ifts. all ovate-serrate, 

 somewhat cut, the terminal one 3-lobed. Eu. 

 Probably not in cult., but a form listed as 

 P. mdgna rosea, Hort., with rose-colored fls. 

 is cult, in England as a border and rock- 

 work plant. 



PINANGA (Malay name). Palmacese, tribe Arecese. 

 Slender spineless bamboo-like palms from India and 

 the Malay Archipelago. 



Stems erect: Ivs. terminal, unequally lobed or pin- 

 natisect, or simple and bifid at the apex; segms. plicate, 

 many-nerved, the lower ones acuminate, the upper 

 confluent, the margins not thickened, recurving at 

 the base; rachis acute above, convex below; petiole 

 convex above; sheath elongated: spadix usually small, 

 very simple: peduncle short: branches in groups; 

 spathe 1, symmetrical, swollen or compressed and 

 2-winged: fls. rather small, the staminate one on each 

 side o7 a pistillate, thus differing from Areca in which 

 the pistillate fls. are solitary: fr. ovoid or elliptical, 

 orange or red, with a membranous husk. About 40-50 

 species. For cult., see Palms. 



K&hlii, Blume. Fig. 2951. Sts. tufted, 20-30 ft. 

 high, slender: Ivs. 3-4 ft.; Ifts. many, 1-2 ft., falcate- 

 linear to linear-lanceolate, finely acuminate, strongly 

 2-3-ribbed, upper confluent; petiole variable in length, 

 somewhat scurfy: fr. 3^in. long, shortly apiculate. 

 Sumatra, Java. G.C. III. 31:104. G.W. 12, p. 209. 

 Known also as Ptychosperma and Seaforthia Kuhlii. 



gracilis, Blume (Areca grdcilis, Roxbg.). Sts. 6-20 

 ft. high, 3^4 lines diam., thickening upward, usually 

 gregarious: Ivs. 3-4 ft. long, sparingly pinnate; petiole 

 and sheaths scurfy; Ifts. inserted by a very broad base, 

 1 ft. or more long, the lower ones 2-3-ribbed, finely 

 acuminate, the upper 3-5 in. wide, many-ribbed: fr. 

 ^in. long, scarlet or orange, smooth, tapering to the 

 tip. Himalayas, Burma. 



P. maculata, Porte. A dwarf slender palm with apparently 

 permanently variegated Ivs.: Ivs. elliptic, bifid nearly to the middle: 

 spadix below the Ivs., recurved: fls. showy, scarlet. Philippine 

 Isls. B.M. SOU. Not in cult, in Amer. P. malaiana, Scheff. St. 

 slender, 8-12 ft. high: Ivs. 5-8 ft. long; Ifts. numerous, linear acumi- 

 nate: spadix 6 in. long, blood-red in fr.: fr. \-\Vi in. long, blackish 

 purple. Malaya. P. Micholitzii, Hort. Sander is a plant exhibited 

 at Ghent in 1908, from Sumatra. G.C. III. 43:259. P. ierna- 

 tensis, Scheff. (Areca gigantea, Hort.) Lvs. 12 ft. long, with 

 30^40 lanceolate segms., the largest 3 ft. long: branches of spadix 

 spirally disposed. Ternate Isl. -^ BAYLOR t 



PINCKNEYA (Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, of 

 South Carolina, 1746-1825, distinguished statesman 

 and general of the American Revolution). Rubiacese. 

 This includes the fever tree or Georgia bark, a tall 

 shrub or small tree with fls. in large terminal or axillary 

 cymes, native to the marshy banks of streams in the 

 pine barrens from S. C. to Fla. Its showy fl.-cluster 

 attains a breadth of 4 in. and depth of 3 in., with as 

 many as 20 fls., each 1 in. long, tubular, white, speckled 

 red, with 5 revolute lobes. But the distinctive feature of 

 the fever tree, both botanically and horticulturally, is 

 the presence of 5 or more large showy colored floral Ivs. 

 These are 2 in. long, 1-1 M m - wide, oval or roundish, 

 acute, narrowed at the base, and peach-yellow margined 

 with rosy red. The interesting feature of these floral 

 Ivs. is that they are not bracts, but modifications of one 

 of the calyx-lobes, which are normally small and awl- 

 shaped. Only one other species of this genus is described, 

 P. ionantha from Colombia. The fever tree has been 

 cult, in Eu; under glass, but it is rarely successfully 

 cult, in Amer. 



piibens, Michx. GEORGIA BARK. FEVER TREE. BIT- 

 TER BARK. Attains 25 ft.: Ivs. oval or oblong, acute, 

 4 x \Yi in.; midrib rosy: calyx 5-lobed; lobes deciduous 

 or one of them in the outer fls. often transformed into 



a showy floral If.; 

 corolla hairy; sta- 

 mens 5, exserted, 

 stigma obtuse : caps. 

 , globose, papery, 2- 

 celled; seeds numer- 

 ous, in 2 rows, hori- 

 zontal, winged. F.S. 



\ 19:1937. S.S. 5:227, 228. P. pubens 

 grows in low marshy woods and on 

 borders of swamps. It thrives best 

 when shaded by other trees. Seedlings 

 require very rich moist soil and should 

 always be grown under shade. They 

 are difficult to keep alive if exposed to 

 ;-. direct sunlight until 4 or 5 feet high; 

 $? then give partial shade. 



P. J. BERCKMANS and 

 WILHELM MILLER. 



PINE. What the apple is among the 

 fruits, what the oak is among the broad- 

 leaved trees of the temperate zone, the 

 pines represent among the conifers, 

 excelling all other genera in this most 

 important family in number of species, 

 in fields of distribution, in extent of 

 area occupied, in usefulness and im- 

 portance to the human race. No other 

 trees of the temperate zone have con- 

 tributed so much to the building up of 

 2951. Pinanga civilization, and no other, it may be 

 Kuhlii. predicted, will continue longer to fill 



