2842 



PRUNUS 



PRUNUS 



autumn are smaller than those of spring, and in each 

 case when the flowers are produced before the leaves or 

 after the leaves have fallen the peduncle does not 

 elongate and the plants present no striking differences. 

 But on some individuals in the spring the leaves and 

 flowers unfold at the same time and the peduncle is 

 then much elongated. Such specimens look utterly dis- 

 similar, yet whether the flowers open before or at the 

 same time as the leaves is not fixed and may vary on 

 the same individual from year to year." Wilson. 



DD. Lvs. prominently incised- or lobulate-double-serrate 

 or -crenate: fls. usually appearing with the Ivs. 



65. canescens, Bois. Attractive shrub, 5-7 ft.: Ivs. 

 lanceolate, 2-2 J^ in. long, short-hairy on both surfaces, 

 deeply bidentate, the teeth broader than long, cuspidate 

 or mucronate, gland-tipped: fls. 2-5 together, rarely 

 single, on the young shoots, white tinted rose; calyx- 

 tube about y$in. long; calyx-lobes or sepals shorter 

 than the tube, serrulate or rarely entire, glabrous or 

 nearly so on the inside; petals nearly J^in. long, oblong: 

 fr. small, red. Cent, and W. China. 



66. lobulata, Koehne. Tree, to 35 ft. or so, lately 

 cult, abroad: Ivs. oblong, obovate, or oblong-lanceo- 

 late, 1-3 in. long, somewhat acuminate, doubly serrate 

 with the teeth strongly acuminate and either glandless 

 or the gland a minute terminal point, glabrous or 

 nearly so except perhaps sparsely hairy on nerves, with 

 1 or 2 glands at base of blade or at apex of petiole, 

 apex of blade obtuse or obscurely emarginate: fls. white: 

 fr. globose or nearly so, about 1 in. long, red. W. 

 China. Hardy in Mass. 



67. incisa, Thunb. (Cerasus incisa, Loisel.). Allied 

 to P. lobulata. Shrub, to 15 ft., or sometimes tree, to 

 30 ft. : Ivs. ovate to obovate, acuminate, incisely doubly 

 serrate, pubescent above and on the veins beneath or 

 nearly glabrous, %-23^ in. long: fls. 1-3, nodding, 

 with leafy bracts at base; calyx vinous-red; j>etals 

 white or pink, rather fugaceous: fr. ovoid, purplish 

 black, J^in. long. Japan. S.I.F. 1:28. Cult, in Japan, 

 making a very ornamental bush, but apparently 

 unknown to planters in N. Amer.; it is now growing 

 at the Arnold Arboretum. 



68. nipponica, Matsum. (P. iwagiensis and P. nik- 

 koensis, Koehne). Allied to P. incisa. Bushy tree, to 

 20 ft.: older branches chestnut-brown: Ivs. ovate, long- 

 acuminate, usually rounded at base, incisely doubly 

 serrate, pubescent while young, finally nearly glabrous; 

 petioles glabrous: fls. 1-3, slender-stalked, white or pale 

 pink, 1 in. across: fr. globose, Hin. across, black. Japan, 

 at high altitudes, probably adaptable to cold loca- 

 tions in this country. Var. kurilensis, Wilson (P. 

 kurilensis, Miyabe). Petioles pubescent: fls. some- 

 what larger; pedicels and calyx pubescent. Japan, 

 Kurile Isls. 



69. apetala, Franch. & Sav. (Cerasddos apetala, 

 Sieb. & Zucc. P. crdssipes, Koidz. P. Tschoneskii, 

 Koehne). Shrub or tree, with young branches gla- 

 brous: Ivs. oblong or obovate-oblong, 1-2 in. long, 

 caudate at apex, doubly serrate and as if somewhat 

 lobed, the teeth narrow and tipped by gland, close-vil- 

 lous above and villous beneath, especially on the nerves; 

 petiole short, densely villous, usually with 1 or 2 glands: 

 fls. with deep purple calyx and sepals and very small 

 fugaceous petals, 1-2 together, appearing with the Ivs., 

 the pedicels nearly 1 in. long and hairy; sepals or calyx- 

 lobes ovate, about ^in. long, very slightly hairy out- 

 side; stamens 26, shorter than the style. Japan. 

 The P. apetala mentioned in horticultural literature 

 may be a form of P. Maximowiczii; but the present 

 description is of the true species. Var. pildsa, Wilson, 

 has much larger fls. and the branches are less hairy, 

 and rather more floriferous than the type; superior 

 horticulturally. P. apetala is little known in cult, in 

 this country. 



Subgenus IV. PADUS (including Laurocerasus) . 

 Racemed Cherries. 



Fr. small and globular, rarely used for eating: fls. 

 white, small, in distinct racemes, not preceding the Ivs. 

 or else arising from the axils of persistent Ivs. of the 

 year before. 



A. Padus proper: Ivs. deciduous: fls. on leafy shoots of 



the season (exception in No. 71). 



B. Calyx-lobes persistent at the base of the fr.: fls. appear- 

 ing relatively late in the season: large trees. 



70. serotina, Ehrh. (Padus serotina, Agardh. Cera- 

 sus serotina, Loisel.). WILD BLACK CHERRY. Strong 

 straight tree, reaching 100 ft., with very dark brown 

 bitter aromatic bark: Ivs. oblong, lance-oblong or 

 oblong-ovate, tapering to a point, thickish and firm, 

 shining above, with many small incurved callous teeth : 

 fls. in long, loose racemes, appearing when the Ivs. are 

 nearly full grown: fr. size of a pea, purple-black, bitter- 

 ish, ripening in late summer and Sept. Generally dis- 

 tributed from Nova Scotia to Dakota, south to Fla. and 

 Texas. S.S. 4:159. F.E. 32:533. A valuable timber 

 tree, furnishing lumber for cabinet work and house 

 finishings; also a fine lawn tree. It is much used in 

 forestry plantings. Var. pendula, Dipp., has drooping 

 branches. G.Z. 26:241. Var. pyramidalis, Zabel, 

 is of narrow pyramidal growth. Var. variegata, Hort., 

 has yellow-marked Ivs. Var. cartilaginea, Dipp. (var. 

 carthagena, Hort., by error. P. cartilaginea, Lehm.), is 

 a handsome form with very long, shining Ivs. Var. 

 asplenifdlia, Hort. (Cerasus serotina var. asplenifblia, 

 Kirchn.), has narrow deeply toothed Ivs. For a note 

 on the nomenclature of P. serotina, see No. 72. 



Var. neomontana, Sudw. (Padus serotina var. neomon- 

 tdna, Small), of the high mountains in the southern 

 AUeghanies, has ample leathery coarsely serrate Ivs. 

 which are pale or whitish beneath, stout few-fld. 

 diverging racemes, and sepals and filaments pubescent. 



The P. serotina group is now held to include other 

 species in the southern states and southward, but 

 apparently they are not in cult, outside botanic gardens : 

 P. eximia, Small (Padus eximia, Small), differs from P. 

 serotina in having sepals or calyx-lobes deltoid and 

 slightly broader than long rather than ovate, and Ivs. 

 delicately reticulated rather than plain. River-valleys, 

 Texas. P. Cuthbertii, Small (Padus Cuthbertii, Small), 

 differs from P. serotina in having young parts (young 

 shoots, raceme-axis and pedicels) pubescent rather than 

 glabrous: Ivs. obovate and blunt, finely and rather 

 sparingly pubescent beneath and becoming glabrate 

 and glaucous with age: drupe red. Woods, Ga. P. 

 alabamensis, Mohr (Padus alabamensis, Small), is 

 distinguished from P. Cuthbertii in having Ivs. ovate, 

 oblong, or elliptic and acute or acuminate, and drupe 

 purple. Mountains, Ga., Ala. P. austrdlis, Beadle 

 (Padus australis, Small), has young parts pubescent: 

 Ivs. not glaucous but densely and permanently clothed 

 with colored tomentum. Ala. P. Capollin, Koehne 

 (P. Cdpuli, Cav. Cerasus Capollin, DC.), from Mex., 

 a very large tree with long and slender pedicels: Ivs. 

 lanceolate, long-acuminate: fr. large. P. salicifolia, 

 HBK., in S. Amer. and probably not in Mex. as 

 reported : evergreen, differing little from P. Capuli and 

 presumably in need of closer definition: apparently 

 not in cult., although the name occurs in horticultural 

 literature. 



BB. Calyx-lobes or sepals not persistent on the fr.: fls. 



early: small trees. 

 c. Peduncle nude (not bearing Ivs.). 



71. Maackii, Rupr. (Laurocerasus Maackii, Schneid.). 

 Tree, to 50 ft., with shoots finely pubescent or becom- 

 ing glabrate: Ivs. oblong to oblong-ovate or elliptic, 

 acuminate and pointed (2-4 in. long), finely and 

 very sharply glandular-serrate, glabrous, gland-dotted 



