2870 



PYRUS 



cc. Styles 3 or 4, sometimes 5: hs. mostly rounded at base: fr. 



mostly larger. 

 D. Lf.-margins strongly serrate, with acute or somewhat oppressed 



serratures. 



16. P. serrulata, Rehd. Small tree, most closely related to 

 P. serotina but distinguished by the not-setulose serratures, shorter 

 Ivs., smaller fls. with styles less 

 than 5, triangular-ovate rather 

 than long-acuminate sepals or 

 calyx-lobes, and subglobose or 

 globose - obovoid brown fr. 

 which is less than 1 in. long. 

 China. P. hupehensis, Pam- 

 pan., from Cent. China, is prob- 

 ably this species or very closely 

 related: described as a tree with 

 straight slender trunk : Ivs. more 

 or less ovate, rounded or 

 cuneate at base, long-acumi- 

 nate, sharp - toothed, cream- 

 colored beneath: fls. in dense 

 clusters. 



17. P. Pashia, Buch.-Ham. 

 (P. varioldsa, Wall.). Tree, 

 mostly spiny, when young with 

 3-lobed and doubly serrate Ivs. 

 like those of Cratsegus, the 

 young growths woolly: Ivs. 

 ovate or ovate - lanceolate, 

 acuminate, crenulate or serru- 

 late, becoming glabrous: fls. 

 1 in. ilia in., mostly in woolly 

 corymbose short-peduncled 

 clusters; calyx - lobes acute, 

 deciduous; stamens about 30. 

 Himalayas to W. China. Var. 

 kumaoni, Stapf (P. kumadni, 

 Decne. P. Wilhelmii, Schneid.), 

 in cult, at Kew, is a thornless 

 3282. Pyrus phseocarpa. (Xj-3) tree attaining 50 ft., with buds 

 and branchlets glabrous: Ivs. 



narrow-ovate, 2-3 Yi in. long, glabrous, subcordate at base, long- 

 acuminate at apex: calyx-lobes broad and rounded and the fls. in 

 glabrous corymbs: fr. globose, 1 in. diam., the calyx early decidu- 

 ous. Kashmir to Kumaon in W. Himalaya and to Yunnan. B.M. 

 8256. 



DD. Lf.-margins dentate-serrate, the serratures erect-spreading. 

 18. P. phasocarpa, Rehd. Fig. 3282. Medium-sized tree: Ivs. 

 elliptic-ovate or oblong-ovate, attenuated into long point, the base 

 mostly broadly cuneate, the serratures at first more or less incurved 

 but becoming open or spreading: fr. pyriform, about 1 in. long, 

 slender-stalked, brown or russet. China. Var. globosa, Rehd., 

 has globular fr. and Ivs. usually ovate and round-based. The fls. of 

 P. phxocarpa are unusually large, Ivs. deep green and very lustrous; 

 a handsome small tree. Hardy N. 



PYRUS 



Ivs., about 5 or 6 in each cyme; sepals or calyx-lobes 5, 

 acuminate; petals 5, obtuse, mostly pink on the out- 

 side; stamens about 20, with yellow anthers: fr. very 

 various, with a cavity about the st., a homogeneous flesh 

 and persistent calyx. Cult, from remote antiquity, and 

 thought to be native to Eu. and W. Temp. Asia to the 

 Himalayas. It has run wild in many parts of Eu. 

 Attempts are made to recognize two or more species in 

 the group of common apples, but the efforts are not 



3284. Pyrus Malus var. apetala. The 

 bloomless apple. 



very successful in practice. Some authorities consider 

 that there are two original species and that the com- 

 mon pomological apple represents a welding of them 

 through hybridization. 



Var. sylvestris, Linn. (Malus sylvestris, Mill. M. 

 acerba, Me>at. Pyrus acerba, DC.). Mostly a wild or 

 run-wild nearly or quite glabrous form, to which not 

 many of the cult, pomological varieties can be referred: 

 young branchlets glabrous or soon becoming so: Ivs. 

 glabrous above, shining and only scattered-pubescent 

 beneath, the petiole and pedicels only slightly pubes- 

 cent : calyx-tube and outside of calyx-lobes glabrous but 

 the latter pubescent inside. W. and Cent. Eu. 



Var. pumila, Henry (Malus piimila, Mill. Pyrus 

 pumila, Koch). The pubescent type, the source of 

 nearly all the pomological apples, and kept specifically 

 separate by some writers: small or large tree, or bush- 

 like: young branches prominently tomentose, as well as 



II. MALUS. The Apples. 



A. The pomological apple-species, 



grown for their edible frs. 



(with ornamental forms) . 

 B. Calyx persistent on the ripe fr. 

 19. Malus, Linn. (Malus com- 

 munis, DC. Malus Malus, Brit.). 

 APPLE. Fig. 3283; also under 32 83. Pyrus Malus, 

 Apple, Vol. I. A round-headed the apple, 



tree or a large bush, with foliage 

 clustered on short shoots or spurs and also borne on the 

 slender axial growths: Ivs. oval, ovate or orbicular- 

 ovate, mostly pointed at apex and rounded at base, 

 soft in texture, dull, the margins irregularly serrate, on 

 stout petioles: fls. large and showy, white or light rose, 

 in close clusters on short pedicels, appearing with the 



are the pedicels, calyx-tube, and both surfaces of the 

 calyx-lobes: Ivs. ovate or oval, dull and more or 

 less tomentose beneath. Thought to be native only 

 in S. E. Eu. and in Asia, although run wild else- 

 where. A very dwarf form is the Paradise apple (P. 

 Malus var. paradisiaca, Linn.), used as a stock on 

 which to dwarf the pomological varieties. 



Var. astracanica, Loud. (Malus astracdnica, Dum. 

 Pyrus astracdnica, DC.). Distinguished by large 

 coarsely serrate or doubly serrate Ivs. which are tomen- 



