2872 



PYRUS 



PYRUS 



and 570. The large-fruited pomological crab-apples of 

 the Hyslop and Transcendent type are supposed to be 

 hybrids between P. baccata and P. Mains, and to these 

 forms the name P. prunifolia has been applied but 

 probably erroneously. The P. cerasifera, Spach, is of 

 the P. baccata group, and is probably a hybrid: it 



3288. Pyrus baccata. ( X Y-t) 

 No. 21. 



makes a large tree with spreading head, and bears very 

 large pure white fls. : the fr. is variable in size, shape, 

 and color, and either retains or drops the calyx. 



AA. The oriental "flowering apples" (East Asian, 

 Chino- Japanese) grown in many forms for the 

 ornamental fls. and frs. (Cf. Rehder, Plantae 

 Wilsonianse, 2:279-95). (Most of these oriental 

 flowering crabs are in cult, only in botanical 

 collections but they are likely to be planted else- 

 where, and it is necessary to the determination 

 of most of them that all the others be contrasted.) 

 B. Lvs. convolute (rolled up in the bud), always undivided. 

 c. Calyx deciduous from the fr. (In this group belong P. 

 baccata, P. Halliana, and P. theifera; in the first 

 (see No. 22) the calyx-lobes are longer than the 

 tube, narrow-lanceolate, and the fls. white with 

 mostly 5 styles, in these characters being distin- 

 guished from one or both of the others.) 

 22. Halliana, Voss (Malus Halliana, Koehne). 

 Fig. 3289. Bush or small tree, 6-15 ft. tall, with a loose 

 open crown : Ivs. long-ovate, glabrous, leathery, crenate- 

 serrulate, the petioles short: fls. rose-colored, more or 

 less polygamous, hanging on slender reddish pedicels, 

 the calyx-lobes often more or less obtuse, the styles 

 usually 4: fr. size of a pea or somewhat larger (^-H m - 

 diam.), abruptly contracted into a thickened pedicel, 

 brownish red, ripening late in autumn and containing 

 very large seeds. W. China; cult, in Japan. M.D.G. 

 1899:457. One of the handsomest of the flowering 

 apples. Var. Parkmanii, Bailey (P. Pdrkmanii, 

 Hort.), is the double-fld. form: named for Francis 

 Parkman, the historian, in whose garden near Boston 

 it was first grown in this country. Malus Hdrtwigii, 

 Hort., is a hybrid of German origin, between P. 

 Halliana and P. baccata. P. Halliana is a beautiful 

 little tree which was recognized among horticulturists 

 before it was described by botanists. The first nam- 

 ing of it in Pyrus in such a way as to gain nomencla- 

 torial standing with botanists seems to have been by 

 Voss in Vilmorin's Blumengartnerei, 3d ed., 1896. 

 Rehder distinguishes the species as follows (in Sargent, 

 "Trees and Shrubs," 1:35, from which also Fig. 3289 

 is reduced) : It is allied to P. baccata, and P. pulcherrima; 

 from the first it is distinguished by the leathery Ivs., 

 the color of the fls., the much shorter sepals, the purple 

 calyx and pedicels, and the 4- or 5-celled very late- 



ripening fr. ; from P. pulcherrima it is distinguished by 

 the convolute vernation of the glabrous Ivs., the color 

 of the larger fls., the shorter sepals, and the glabrous 

 purple pedicels and calyx. In foliage and fls. it much 

 resembles P. spectabilis, which, however, differs by its 

 pubescence and the much larger fr. crowned by the 

 persistent calyx. From other species it differs in its 

 polygamous fls. There is at least 1 staminate fl. in each 

 umbel, and this is always terminal; sometimes there are 



2 or 3, but the number of staminate fls. rarely exceeds 

 that of the perfect ones. In the staminate fls. there is 

 no trace of reduced pistils. The species was intro. to 

 American gardens about 1863 by G. R. Hall (see p. 

 1578, Vol. III). 



23. theifera, Bailey (Malus theifera, Rehd.). A 

 small tree with stiff spreading branches, hardy at 

 Boston, resembling a cherry tree when in bloom, the 

 fls. white or light pink (there is a rose-colored form) 

 with purple calyx and the unfolding Ivs. purplish: distin- 

 guished from P. Halliana, its nearest ally, by larger and 

 broader ovate or ovate-oblong or elliptic-ovate sharply 

 glandular-serrate thinner Ivs., longer petioles and less 

 slender pedicels, acute or acuminate calyx-lobes, mostly 



3 styles, white or blush fls., and larger frs. China to 

 Assam. The fr. is globose, light greenish yellow with 

 reddish cheek, ripening in Mass, in Oct.: fls. fragrant. 

 Not yet grown outside botanical collections, but a 

 handsome free-flowering species. Var. rosea, Bailey, 

 has rose-colored fls. and is very beautiful. 



24. sikkimensis, Hook, f . Small tree, with tomentose 

 branchlets: Ivs. ovate to ovate-oblong, 2-3 in. long, not 

 lobed, the apex long-acuminate, abruptly narrowed at 

 base, tomentose beneath, with fine and close sharp- 

 pointed serratures, the petiole much shorter than the 

 blade: fls. 1 in. across, 5-8 in a corymbose cluster, 

 appearing with the Ivs., white but pinkish outside, the 

 buds rose-colored; pedicels very slender, lJ^-2 in. long; 

 calyx-tube ellipsoid, the lobes lanceolate and recurved; 

 petals orbicular, claw very short, tomentose; stamens 

 many; styles slender and glabrous, connate below: fr. 

 turbinate, not depressed at base, %in. diam., dark red 

 speckled white, the calyx wholly wanting. Himalaya. 

 B.M. 7430. 



3289. Pyrus Halliana. ( X 1 A) 



