QUERCTS 



FF. Cup with elongated, spread- 

 ing and recurved scales. . . 37. Cerris 

 cc. Foliage evergreen, dentate or entire. 

 D. Lvs. whitish, tomentose or 

 tomentulose beneath: fr. ripen- 

 ing the first year. 

 E. Margin of hs. dentate, rarely 

 entire. 



F. Bark of trunk corky 38. Suber 



FF. Bark of trunk smooth 39. Ilex 



EE. Margin of hs. entire, shape 



elliptic to oblong 40. virginiana 



DD. Lrs. finally glabrous beneath. 

 E. Under side of hs. fuhous- 

 tomentose during the first 



year 41. chrysolepis 



EE. Under side of hs. glabrous or 



stettate-pubescent at first. . .42. agrifolia 

 AA. Scales of cup connate into concentric 

 rings: hs. evergreen. (Cyclobalanopsis.) 

 B. Lrs. toothed, glaucous or glaucescent 



beneath, 

 c. Under side of hs. silky, at least 



while young 43. glauca 



cc. Under side ofhs. glabrous 44. myrsinsefolia 



BB. Lrs. entire, dull green beneath ...45. acuta 



Subgenus ERYTHROBALANUS. Black Oaks. 



1. rilbra, Linn. Fig. 3306. Tree, to 80, occasionally 

 150 ft., with stout spreading branches forming a broad, 

 round-topped, symmetrical head: Ivs. divided about 

 half way to the middle by wide sinuses into 7-9 

 triangular-ovate or ovate-oblong lobes, dull green above, 

 light green and pubescent at first beneath, at length 

 glabrous, 5-9 in. long: fr. short-stalked; acorn ovoid, 1 

 in. long, embraced only at the base by the %-1-in.- 

 broad cup. Nova Scotia to Fla., west to Minn, and 

 Texas. 8.8.8:409,410. Em. 1:168. F.S. 17:1812, 

 1813. H.W. 2, p. 84. Beautiful oak of rapid growth, 

 growing into a large majestic tree, with usually broad 



QUERCUS 



2883 



3306. Leaves and acorns of various oaks. 1, 0- Phellos; 2, Q. 

 alba; 3, Q. velutina; 4, Q. rubra; 5, Q. montana; 6, Q. macro- 

 carpa; 7, Q. bicolor. 



round head, the foliage turning dark red in fall. Hybrids 

 are known with the two following species, with Q. 

 velutina, Q. falcata, Q. Phettos and Q. imbricaria. Var. 

 ambigua, Fern. (Q. ambigua, Michx. f., not HBK. 

 Q. borealis, Michx. f. Q. coccinea yar. ambiffua, Gray). 

 Cups deeper and somewhat turbinate; acorn usually 

 smaller. The northern form. See also note under No. 8. 



2. palustris, Linn. PIN OAK. Fig. 3307. Tree, 

 to 80, occasionally 120 ft., with rather short spread- 

 ing branches, forming a symmetrical pyramidal head, 

 becoming irregular and oblong in older trees: lys. 

 deeply pinnatifid, sometimes almost to the midrib; 

 lobes 5-7, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, toothed, sepa- 

 rated by wide sinuses, bright green above, light green 



3307. Quercus palustris (on the left) and Q. Phellos. ( X Ji) 



beneath, with axillary tufts of hairs, 3-5 in. long: fr. 

 short-stalked; acorn subglobose or ovoid, J^-J^in. long, 

 embraced about one-third or more by the cup. Mass., 

 to Del., west to Wis. and Ark. S.S. 8:422, 423. Em. 

 1:167. A.G. 17:213. Gng. 3:129. Mn. 2:155; 6:27. 

 F.E. 28:223. G.W. 5, p. 13. Handsome trees, espe- 

 cially when young; often used for avenues ; grows rapidly 

 and prefers somewhat moist soil; foliage bright red in 

 autumn. The tree is fibrous-rooted and transplants well. 

 Hybrids of this with the preceding species and with Q. 

 Phellos have been observed in cult. 



3. coccinea, Muench. SCARLET OAK. Figs. 3308, 3309. 

 Tree, to 80 ft., with gradually spreading branches form- 

 ing a round-topped rather open head: Ivs. deeply 

 divided by wide sinuses into 7-9 rather narrow, oblong 

 or lanceolate, few-toothed lobes, bright green and 

 glossy above, light green and glabrous beneath, 4-8 

 in. long: fr. short-stalked, ovoid to oblong-ovate, Y^- 

 %in. long, embraced about one-half by the almost 

 glabrous cup. Maine to Fla., west to Minn, and Mo. 

 S.S. 8:412, 413. Em. 1 : 163. Especially valuable for 

 its brilliant scarlet fall coloring; grows well in dryish 

 situations. Hybrids of this species with Q. rubra and 

 Q. velutina have been found. 



4. Schneckii, Brit. (Q. texana, Sarg., in part, not 

 Buckl.). Fig. 3310. Tree, attaining 200 ft., with an 

 oblong open head: Ivs. almost like those of Q. coccinea, 

 with axillary tufts of ferrugineous hairs beneath, 3-8 

 in. long: fr. ovoid, %-l in. long, embraced about one- 

 third by the deeply saucer-shaped cup. Ind. and Iowa 

 to Texas and Fla. 8.8.8:411. G.F. 7:515, 517 (adapted 

 in Fig. 3310). Tall tree: much like Q. coccinea in 

 foliage and like Q. rubra in fruit, but the cup somewhat 

 deeper and smaller and pale grayish tomentose. The 

 Q. texana, Buckl., is a small tree of S. and W. Texas, 

 with smaller, 2-4-in.-long, less deeply Ipbed Ivs. and 

 oblong nuts about Y^. long, with a hemispherical cup. 

 B.T. 292. Probably not in cult. 



5. ellipsoidalis, E. J. Hill. YELLOW OAK, or BLACK 

 OAK. Tree, to 70 ft. with ascending branches forming 

 an oblong head: bark gray, close and smooth, yellowish 

 within : Ivs. oval in outline, truncate or broadly cuneate 

 at the base, with 5-7 oblong lobes coarsely toothed at 

 the summit, glabrous, lustrous and bright green above, 



Kaler beneath with axillary tufts of hairs, 3-5 in. long: 

 . short-stalked or nearly sessile; acorn ellipsoid to 

 subglobose, y?-%in. long) inclosed about one-third or 



