QUERCUS 



QUERCUS 



2887 



oblong, 1-1 H m - high, embraced one-third by the cup. 

 Que. to Ga., west to Mich, and Ark. S.S. 8:380, 381. 

 Em. 1:153. G.F. 4:246. It is less desirable as an 

 ornamental tree than many other species, but the wood 

 is valuable. By the light gray bark separating in large 

 thin scales and the numerous small branches which 

 appear on the larger limbs and often on the trunk, it is 

 easily distinguished from allied species. 



26. macrocarpa, Michx. BUR OAK. MOSSY CUP OAK. 

 Fig. 3306. Tree, to 80, sometimes 160 ft., with large 

 spreading branches, forming a broad, round head: 

 bark light brown, deeply furrowed; younger branches 

 sometimes with corky wings: 

 Ivs. obovate or oblong-obovate, 

 lyrate-pinnatifid, with 4-10 pairs 

 of lobes, the lower ones smaller, 

 separated by wide and deep 

 sinuses, the upper ones much 

 larger, or sometimes the Ivs. are 

 only sinuately dentate above the 

 middle, bright green and shin- 

 ing above, grayish or whitish to- 

 mentose beneath, 4-8 in. long: 

 fr. sessile or short -stalked; acorn 

 broadly ovate or ovoid, %-lJ^ 

 in. high, embraced about one- 

 half by the large %-2-in.-wide 

 cup, with the upper scales awned 

 and forming a fringe-like border. 

 Nova Scotia to Pa., west to 

 Man. and Texas. S.S. 8:371, 

 372. Em. 1:149. G.F. 2: 500; 3: 

 407. Mn. 2:153. Gng. 4:342. 

 Var. olivaeformis, Gray (Q. olivse- 

 f or mis, Michx.). Lvs. deeply 

 pinnatifid, lobes almost all nar- 

 row and separated by wide 

 sinuses: cup usually elongated, 

 much higher than broad. S.S. 

 8 : 373. M .D.G. 1901 : 167. The 

 bur oak is of vigorous growth 

 and becomes a stately tree and 

 is of picturesque appearance in 

 winter with its corky branches. 



29. Garryana, Douglas. OREGON OAK. Tree, to 80, 

 rarely to 100 ft., with wide-spreading branches, some- 

 times shrubby: bark light gray: Ivs. obovate, pinnati- 

 fid, with broad, obtuse, entire or toothed lobes, dark 

 green above, pubescent and yellowish green or whitish 

 below: fr. short-stalked; acorn ovoid, about 1 in. high, 

 embraced about one-third by the saucer-shaped cup; 

 scales usually thin. Wash, and Ore. to Calif. S.S. 

 8:364, 365. G.F. 7:495. F.E. 32:919. The most 

 important oak of the Pacific States as a timber tree. 



30. lobata, Nee (Q. ffindsii, Benth.). VALLEY or 

 WEEPING OAK (WHITE OAK of the Pacific States). 



3317. Live oak Quercus virginiana) with Spanish moss hanging from the branches. 

 Audubon Park, New Orleans. No. 40. 



The crown is often fan-shaped until tree is mature. 



27. lyrata, Walt. OVERCUP OAK. SWAMP, or SWAMP 

 POST OAK. Tree, to 100 ft., with rather small, often 

 pendulous branches forming a symmetrical, round- 

 topped head: Ivs. pbovate to obovate-oblong, deeply 

 lyrate-pinnatifid, with 3-5 pairs of oblong or lanceolate 

 lobes, the lower ones much smaller, separated by a wide 

 sinus from the upper ones, dark green and shining 

 above, whitish tomentulose beneath or sometimes light 

 green and pubescent: fr. short-stalked; acorn globose, 

 }-y-\ in. high, almost entirely inclosed by the large 

 scaly cup. X. J. to Fla., west to Mo. and Texas. S.S. 

 8:374. F.E. 17:736 (pi. 77). Little cult.; hardy as 

 far north as Mass.; prefers moist soil. 



28. stellata, Wang. (Q. obtusiloba, Michx. Q. minor, 

 Sarg.). POST OAK. Tree, to 60, rarely to 100 ft., with 

 broad, dense, round head, and with grayish brown, 

 deeply fissured bark: Ivs. short-stalked, broadly obo- 

 vate, lyrate-pinnatifid, with 2 or usually 3 pairs of 

 lobes, the middle pair being much larger, undulate, 

 and mostly with a lobe on the lower side, separated 

 from the lower pair by wide, from the upper pair by 

 narrower sinuses, dark green above, brownish tomen- 

 tulose beneath, 5-8 in. long: fr. almost sessile; acorn 

 ovoid, Jiin. high, embraced one-third to one-half by 

 the cup; scales lanceolate, loosely appressed. Mass, to 

 Fla., west to Xeb. and Texas. S.S. 8:368, 369. Em. 

 1:151. Hardy and handsome tree with dense round 

 head, growing naturally in rather dry, sandy or rocky 

 soil; at the northern limit of its range, in S. Mass., it is 

 usually shrubby. 



183 



Fig. 3312. Tree, to 100 ft., with great, wide-spreading 

 limbs and slender drooping branches: Ivs. oblong or 

 obovate-oblong, with 35 pairs of sometimes lobed-den- 

 tate lobes, dark green and stellate-pubescent above and 

 usually whitish tomentulose beneath, 2-4 in. long: fr. 

 almost sessile; acorn elongated, conical, 1H-2 in. high, 

 embraced about one-third by the cup; lower scales 

 tuberculate, upper one subulate. Calif. S.S. 8:362. 

 G.F. 3:611; 10:55,202,205. C.L.A. 1:83. Graceful 

 wide-spreading tree; has not been cult, successfully 

 outside of Cahf . 



31. alba, Linn. WHITE OAK. Figs. 3304, 3306, 3313. 

 Tree, to 100 ft., with stout spreading branches form- 

 ing a broad, open head: bark light gray: Ivs. obo- 

 vate or oblong-obovate, narrowed at the base, with 3-8 

 pairs of rather narrow obtuse and sometimes toothed 

 lobes, pubescent when young, soon glabrous, bright 

 green above, glaucescent beneath: fr. short- or long- 

 stalked; acorn oblong-ovate, 1 in. high, embraced about 

 one-fourth by the shallow cup; scales closely appressed. 

 Maine to Fla., west to Minn, and Texas. S.S. 8:356, 

 357. Em. 1:145. G.F. 3:91; 4:6, 7; 5:259, 450. F.E. 

 20:650 (pi. 110); 32:489. The white oak is one of 

 the noblest trees of the northern states and a beautiful 

 park tree, where space can be allowed for its full 

 development; the foliage assumes a beautiful deep 

 vinous red or violet-purple color in fall. Var. repanda, 

 Michx., is a form in which the Ivs. have rather shallow 

 sinuses and the frs. are usually short-stalked. Var. 

 pinnatifida, Michx., has the Ivs. deeply pinnatifid with 

 narrow often deeply toothed lobes and the frs. usually 



