QUINCE 



The trees begin to bear a few fruits the second and 

 third years after planting but can not generally be said 

 to bear a profitable crop until ten to twelve years of 

 age. The fruit is very subject to limb-rub and disease, 

 and must be carefully grown to look well. The ordinary 



practice is to spray 

 the tree with dor- 

 mant-strength lime- 

 sulfur at the same 

 tune that the apples 

 and peaches are 

 sprayed and then 

 again just after the 

 fruit is nicely set with 

 bordeaux mixture, to 

 each forty gallons of 

 which has been added 

 three pounds of lead 

 arsenate. Summer- 

 strength lime -sulfur 

 with the above 

 amount of poison 

 would give the same 



s^( ' "7^\ results for the sum- 



\ \ \ mer spray. Judicious 



pruning also tends to 

 thin the fruit and 

 improve the quality. 

 Seedling stocks 



QUISQUALIS 



2893 



3326. Quince limb, showing branching 

 and fruiting habit. 



water bordeaux mixture at the proper season. This 

 must be done when the beetles first make their appear- 

 ance and again about ten days later. This insect is 

 found on the quince in Ontario. The same insects as 

 attack the apple generally attack the quince and the 

 treatments are similar. Sometimes the jarring method 



Quince of Angers- 

 are largely imported 

 from Europe for 

 roots. These roots are used also for dwarfing the pear. 

 The trees are grown much the same as other nursery 

 trees. The seedlings are set in the nursery row in early 

 spring and budded in August. By a year from the fol- 

 lowing spring, that is two years from the setting of 

 the seedling, the trees are ready for the planter. The 

 quince can also be propagated by cuttings, mound-lay- 

 ering and root-grafting, but the above-named method 

 is the common one in practice. 



Trees received from the nursery should be given the 

 same care as other nursery trees. Heel them in care- 

 fully if the soil is not ready 

 for planting. Plant about 2 

 inches deeper than the bud. 

 Head at 15 to 20 inches. If 

 budded trees are used and 

 planted the proper depth, 

 there is little or no danger 

 from suckering. 



The most damaging dis- 

 eases are fire-blight, affecting 

 the wood and especially the 

 new growth; leaf-blight, 

 affecting branches, fruit and 

 foliage; and black-rot and 

 bitter-rot, affecting the fruit. 

 For the fire-blight, the worst 

 disease, there is no direct 

 remedy, but trees should not 

 be allowed to over-grow, 

 wild hawthorns and wild 

 apples and pears near the 

 plantation should be de- 

 stroyed, and all affected 

 parts should be removed 

 promptly. 



The most serious insect 

 attacking the quince is the 

 quince curculio (Conotrachelus 

 crateegi). This may be con- 

 trolled by spraying with six 

 to eight pounds of lead arse- 

 nate to one hundred gallons 

 b, the same pruned. of water, or in the place ot 



3328. a, The quince unpruned; b, same tree pruned. 



is employed, as shown in Fig. 3330, as for the plum, 

 the beetles being knocked off by hitting the tree with 

 a padded mallet. 



Orange (Fig. 3325) and Champion are the leading 

 varieties of quince. The former is the variety most 

 largely grown in Ontario and previous to 1870 was the 

 only variety. It is large in size, skin golden yellow 

 with greenish or russet color around stem. The flesh 

 is tender and the flavor good. The season is late Sep- 

 tember and October. Its origin was southern Europe. 

 The latter variety, of American origin, is large, pear- 

 shaped and on the tree has a distinctly greenish yellow 

 color. The tree is larger and taller-growing than Orange. 

 The fruit is very late ripening. Other commonly grown 

 varieties are Bentley, Fuller, Rea, Meech, and Van 

 Deman. F. M. CLEMENT. 



QUISQUALIS (Latin, who, what kind). Combreta- 

 cex. Rambling subscandent large shrubs, including 

 the rangoon creeper which is hardy in the extreme south 



3329. New York quince plantation. 



of the United States and is also sometimes grown in 

 the warmhouse. 



Leaves opposite, oblong or obovate, acuminate, 

 entire: fls. in short spikes, axillary and terminal, whr 

 or red; calyx-tube prolonged, long and slender above tJ 

 ovary, deciduous; petals 5; stamens 10, short; ovary 

 1-celled: fr. dry, coriaceous, 5-angled or 5-wmged, 



