3000 



ROSE 



ROSE 



Following are the equivalents of some of the common 

 names of roses: 



Ayrshire R. 



Banks Rose R. 



Bengal R. 



Bourbon R. 



Champney R. 



Cherokee R. 



Cinnamon R. 



Damask R. 



Dog R. 



Eglantine R. 



Macartney R. 



Memorial R. 



Moss R. 



Musk R. 



Noisette R. 



Prairie R. 



Provence R. 



Scotch R. 



Sweetbrier R. 



Tea.. ..R. 



arvensis var. capreolata. 



Banksise. 



chinensis. 



borbonica. 



Noisettiana. 



laevigata. 



cinnamomea. 



damascena. 



canina. 



rubiginosa. 



bracteata. 



Wichuraiana. 



gallica var. muscosa. 



moschata. 



Noisettiana. 



setigera. 



gallica. 



spinosissima. 



rubiginosa. 



odorata. 



When one speaks of roses, the hearer is likely to 

 think only of the large improved kinds of the gardens; 

 and yet there are more than one hundred well-recog- 

 nized species-forms of Rosa, while only a dozen or so 

 have entered largely into the horticultural forms. The 

 systematic account beginning on page 2981 describes 

 sixty species, and many more are entered in the sup- 

 plementary list at its conclusion. The results of domesti- 

 cation are marvelous, and yet the real breeding of roses 

 is little more than begun, and it confounds the imagina- 

 tion if one contemplates what may appear when endless 

 new combinations are made with the many species that 

 are yet little modified by man. The beginnings in this 

 endeavor by persons in this country and elsewhere, 

 indicate a rich field for useful experiment. 



These other species of Rosa, aside from the domesti- 

 cated forms, are of interest and merit largely for land- 



3461. American Pillar rose. One of the Multiflora group. ( X 1 A) 



scape planting. Usually we do not think of roses as 

 "shrubbery" but rather as "flowers;" yet Rosa rugosa is 

 a good landscape subject, and the same is true of R. 

 setigera, R. multiflora, R. laevigata, and many other 

 species. The lists and suggestions by Rehder, on page 

 2982, are valuable in this connection. Some of the 

 native wild roses are most attractive in their natural 

 setting, not alone in flowers but in foliage, color of 

 stems, fruit, and general habit; and if the grounds 

 include a suitable area, these plants may well be trans- 

 ferred in quantity. In half-wild and informal borders, 

 on banks, along streams and the margins of woods, 

 many of the roses are admirable. The usual horticul- 

 tural roses are of little merit in landscape work, because 

 they do not supply sufficient foliage and they lack 

 strong shrubby characteristics; and this fact has no 

 doubt obscured the mer ts of the wild single roses as 

 material for planting. 



The highly improved roses are essentially flower- 

 garden subjects, and they produce better bloom when 

 grown by themselves in regular areas, plantations or 

 beds, where they may receive tillage and such other 

 treatment and care as are specially adapted to them. 

 The preferable location is in the private parts of the 

 place, at the side or rear, and well removed from tall 

 buildings and overhanging trees. They should be 

 given ample space, good soil, and liberal fertilizing, as 

 one would provide these requisites for strawberries, 

 bush-fruits or tomatoes. 



The value of the rose product is particularly difficult 

 to estimate. A census-accounting could assemble 

 figures for the nursery stock, the glass devoted to rose- 

 culture, and the value of roses sold by commercial 

 establishments; but the greatest value of the rose is the 

 unmeasurable satisfaction that it r.eturns in thousands 

 of homes and the ministry that it renders to millions 

 of persons. 



The literature of the rose is voluminous. The Ameri- 

 can book writings on the subject are listed on page 1552, 

 Vol. III. For a list of rose books in all languages, see 

 "Bibliografia de la Rosa," by Vergara, Madrid, 1892. 



Rose organizations. 



The American Rose Society was organized in New 

 York, March 13, 1899, "to increase the general interest 

 in the cultivation and improve the standard of excel- 

 lence of the rose for all the people," to organize a system 

 of exhibitions, and otherwise to foster, stimulate, and 

 increase the production in every possible way of 

 improved varieties of the rose, suitable to our American 

 climate and requirements." The Society is a clearing- 

 house for those interested in roses. 



Including at first primarily so-called commercial 

 rose-growers those who grow roses the year round for 

 cut-flowers the Society has gradually broadened 

 until a considerable number of interested and cap- 

 able amateur rose-growers are included. Intensive 

 consideration for the rose is fostered by the exhibi- 

 tions that the Society either conducts or over parts 

 of which it exercises authoritative supervision. For 

 example, four so-called national flower shows, 

 held in Chicago, New York, Boston, and Phila- 

 delphia, have had as a prominent attraction notable 

 displays of roses forced into bloom in the early 

 spring, usually offered in competition for the prizes 

 gathered under the leadership of the Society. 

 Inasmuch as these displays have included many 

 of the better climbers and garden roses, large 

 numbers of persons are thereby brought into con- 

 tact with these advances in rose-culture. 



Rose test-gardens have been established under 

 the supervision of The American Rose Society in 

 several places, including, for example, Hartford 

 (Conn.), Washington, Minneapolis, and at Cornell 

 University, Ithaca, N. Y. In these gardens no 

 less than five plants of certain varieties are grown 



