ROSE 



ROSE 



3001 



under comparable conditions, and committees of the 

 Society make an annual inspection at the time of bloom. 

 The rose test-garden in Hartford, in connection with the 

 well-known and beautiful municipal garden planted in 

 1904 by Theodore Wirth, has proved a wholesome attrac- 

 tion to the more than 115,000 persons who have annu- 

 ally visited it. The superintendent of the Hartford park 

 m estimates that the area included in the rose- 

 garden attracts visitors at the rate of 85,000 persons a 

 year, thus increasing the use of a park system. 



The Society maintains a bureau of registration for 

 new roses, provides a scale of points for judging both 

 blooms and plants, and awards medals and certificates 

 for new roses. Its membership includes three classes 

 life, active, and associate the latter relation being 

 open only to amateur rose-growers. In 1916, The 

 American Rose Society began the publication of The 

 American Rose Annual, under the editorship of J. 

 Horace McFarland. 



Under the leadership of E. M. Mills, of Syracuse, 

 New York, an organization was formed in that city 

 under the title of the Syracuse Rose Society, for the 

 purpose of stimulating local interest in rose-growing. 

 The ideal proposed by Dr. Mills is noted in the fol- 

 lowing extract from his article in the 1916 American 

 Rose Annual: ''It is far more important that 500 people 

 in a city have rose-gardens with from twenty-five to a 

 few hundred bushes in each of them than that there 

 should be only a few large show gardens." Other 

 societies have been formed in the Pacific Northwest 

 directly to promote rose-growing, and various garden 

 clubs and local societies have affiliated with The Ameri- 

 can Rose Society under its rules. There are a number of 

 affiliated interests. Any horticultural society in the 

 United States or Canada holding an annual exhibition 

 of roses may affiliate with The American Rose Society, 

 and receive medals for the exhibitors. 



The present assembly on the rose, aside from the 

 systematic account of Rosa, pages 2981 to 2999, com- 

 prises the following articles: 



Page 



Horticultural classification of roses (Barren) 3001 



Propagation of roses (Watson) 3004 



Roses for the amateur (Huey, Beal) 3006 



Outdoor roses for the mid-continental region (Irish) . 3010 



Roses in California (Braunton) 3012 



The cultivation of roses under glass (Pierson) 3014 



Rose insects (Crosby and Leonard). 3018 



Rose diseases (Massey) 3019 



L. H. B. 



Horticultural classification of roses. 



The garden classification of roses presents considera- 

 ble difficulty, as the several groups have been so much 

 mixed that the original characteristics of each overlap 

 at nearly all points. This is particularly true of the 

 Perpetuals, of which any close classification is impos- 

 sible. The difficulties increase as one advances. Cer- 

 tain clear-cut characters may be taken to mark given 

 distinct groups in the summer roses, with which the 

 horticulturist has not busied himself so much. Nearly 

 all of these characters are reproduced in the Perpetuals, 

 and, being blended, give rise to endless confusion; 

 thus the following scheme is merely suggestive and 

 should be studied in comparison with the botanical 

 classification (see page 2983). 



American rose-culture, so far as garden varieties are 

 concerned, can hardly be said to have established itself 

 as yet. Our growers are today striving to overcome the 

 short-lived character of the blooms, so as to secure 

 in our gardens something of the rose beauty of Europe. 

 The Wichuraiana, Rugosa, and Multiflora roses, com- 

 bined with our native species and blended again with 

 the best representatives of the garden-groups already 

 grown, with the admixture of some of the newer species 

 from western China, seem to offer the solution. The 



beginning has already been made. The hot sun and 

 trying climatic conditions of our summers are fatal to 

 the full beauties of the roses of France and England. 

 The flower is developed so quickly that it has no oppor- 

 tunity to "build" itself, and once developed it fades as 

 rapidly. What has been accomplished for the other 

 florists' flowers remains yet to be accomplished for the 

 rose, and the American rose of the future must be devel- 

 loped to suit the circumstances in the same way that 

 the American carnation has been produced. 



CLASS I. SUMMER-FLOWERING ROSES, BLOOMING 

 MOSTLY ONCE ONLY. 



A. Large-flowered (double'). 

 B. Growth branching^ or pen- 

 dulous: leaf wrinkled . . 



BB. Growth firm and robust: 

 leaf downy 



BBB. Growth free: leaf whi- 

 tish above, spineless . . . 

 AA. Small-flowered (single and 



double). 

 B. Growth climbing: fls. 



produced singly 



BB. Growth short- jointed, 

 generally, except in 

 Alpine and Prairie. . . 



BBB. Growth climbing or ram- 

 bling: fls. in clusters . . 



BBBB. Growth free: foliage per- 

 sistent (more or less), 

 shiny 



1. Provence 



Moss 



Pompon 



Sulphurea 



2. Damask and French 



Hybrid French 

 Hybrid Provence 

 Hybrid Bourbon 

 Hybrid China 



3. Alba 



4. Ayrshire 



5. Briers 



Austrian 



Scotch 



Sweet 



Penzance 



Prairie 



Alpine 



6. Multiflora 



Baby Ramblers. 



BBBBB. Growth free: 

 wrinkled. . 



foliage 



7. Evergreen 



Sempervirens 

 Wichuraiana 

 Cherokee 

 Banksian 



8. Pompon 



CLASS H. SUMMER- AND AUTUMN-FLOWERING ROSES, 

 BLOOMING MORE OR LESS CONTINUOUSLY. 



A. Large-flowered. 



B. Foliage very rough 9. 



10. 

 11. 



BB. Foliage rough 12. 



13. 

 BBB. Foliage smooth 14. 



BBBB. Foliage smooth, very 



shiny and vigorous. . .15. Pernetiana 

 AA. Smaller- flowered. 

 B. Foliage deciduous. 



c. Habit climbing 16 



Hybrid Perpetual 



Hybrid Tea 



Moss 



Bourbon 



Bourbon Perpetual 



China 



Tea 



Lawrenceana (Fairy) 



17. 

 18. 



cc. Habii dwarf, bushy. . . 19. 



BB. Foliage more or less 



persistent 20. 



Musk 



Noisette 

 Ayrshire 

 Perpetual Multifloras 



Wichuraiana Hybrids 

 Perpetual Briers 



Rugosa 



Lucida 



Microphylla 



Berberidlfolia 



Scotch 



Evergreen 

 Macartney 

 Wichuraiana 



