3002 



ROSE 



ROSE 



Garden-group 1. Provence. Fragrant: branching or 

 pendulous: fls. generally globular: foliage bold, broad, 

 wrinkled, deeply serrate: prickles uncertain; sometimes 

 fine and straight, sometimes coarse and hooked. Rich 

 soil. Prune closely unless very vigorous. Types are 

 Moss rose, a crested form of the Provence (Fig. 3442). 



3462. American Beauty, 

 one of the most popular 

 roses in America. One of 

 the Hybrid Perpetual class. 

 The picture shows a speci- 

 men grown in the open. 



Pompon, a dwarf group; cupped flowers. See also No. 

 8. Sulphurea, an undesirable yellow form of difficult 

 cultivation. 



Garden-group 2. The Damask and French. Damask 

 roses are fragrant: growth robust; spinous: Ivs. light 

 green, downy, coriaceous. Hardy: free-flowering: 

 scent destroyed on drying. 



French roses: Fragrant (moderately): more upright 

 and compact in growth than the Provence: prickles 

 smaller and fewer: fls. generally flat. Very hardy, 

 growing in any soil; petals bleach in strong sunlight; 

 makes abundance of wood, which should be thinned 

 out; perfume develops in the dried petals. 



Hybrid French or Hybrid Provence, a less robust 

 group with smoother, short-jointed wood and gener- 

 ally light-colored flowers. Type Princess Clemen- 

 tine. Other subdivisions include hybrids with nearly 

 all of the Perpetual group. Madame Plan tier is a 

 Hybrid Noisette. Coupe d'Hebe is a Hybrid 

 Bourbon. 



Hybrid China (China x French and Provence, par- 

 taking more of those parents). Growth more diffuse 

 than the French rose: foliage smooth, shining, and 

 remains on the bush late in the year; thorns numer- 

 ous and strong. Vigorous of growth; very hardy, and 

 not generally well adapted to poor soil; requires but 

 little pruning. 



Garden-group 3. Alba, or while roses. A very distinct 

 group: all light-colored flowers of moderate size: leaf 

 whitish above, deep green below: spineless (some 

 hybrids with other groups are very thorny), of free 

 growth; prune closely. Type, Felecite Parmentier and 

 Maiden's Blush. 



Garden-group 4. Ayrshire. Climbing roses; very 

 hardy: slender shoots suitable for trellises and trunks 

 of trees: fls. produced singly. Useful for pot cultiva- 

 tion when trained over a frame; fls. vary from white to 

 deep crimson. Type, Queen of the Belgians, Dundee 

 Rambler. Ruga is a hybrid between this group and one 

 of the Teas; fragrant. 



Garden-group 5. Briers. Under this heading may be 

 grouped most of the well-defined types of garden roses, 

 mostly small-flowered and which do not readily respond 

 to high cultivation. They are more useful as flowering 

 shrubs in the garden than for cut-flowers. The blooms 

 are generally short-lived. 



Austrian or Yellow Briers. Small leaflets: solitary 

 flowers: bark chocolate-brown. Very hardy, but 

 require free air and dry soil ; will stand very little 

 pruning, as it produces flowers from the upper ends 

 of the old wood. Types, Harison's Yellow, Austrian 

 Copper, and Persian Yellow. 



Scotch or Spiny. This group is well recognized by 

 its excessive spininess; compact low bushes, flowering 

 abundantly and early: flowers small, double. Mul- 

 tiply by underground suckers; fragrant. One hybrid 

 of this group, Stanwell, is a Perpetual. 



SWeetbrier. Distinguished by the fragrance of its 

 leaves: the fruits are also decorative: foliage small: 

 flowers light-colored and not of much merit. 



Lord Penzance Briers. This is a group of hybrids 

 of R. rubiginosa (the Sweetbrier), and the older large- 

 flowered varieties, especially Bourbon and Damask. 

 The results are hardly distributed in America as yet; 

 a few are to be found in select collections. Generally 

 speaking they may be described as very greatly 

 improved Sweetbriers. Brenda is particularly desir- 

 able for its fruit. 



Prairie rose (R. setigera). A native species; prom- 

 ises under cultivation to develop some valuable 

 acquisitions, especially in hybridization with other 

 groups: Type, Baltimore Belle (Fig. 3439). 



Alpine or Boursault. Native of the Swiss Alps; 

 semi-pendulous, long, flexible, smooth shoots: flowers 

 in large clusters; mostly purple or crimson flowers. 

 Good for pillars; very hardy; especially suitable for 

 shady places; should be well thinned in pruning, but 

 the flowering wood left alone: type Amadis. Pro- 

 duced by crossing Teas and R. alpina. 

 Garden-group 6. Multiflora. The Multiflora group 

 divides itself naturally into the Multiflora true and 

 Baby Perpetual Ramblers. R. multiflora, the parent 

 type, is characteristic of the varieties here, the flowers 

 being produced in large corymbs and continuing over 

 a comparatively long time. These varieties are useful 

 as pillar and trellis roses and respond to high culti- 

 vation. In pruning, remove only the old canes, leaving 

 the young new growth to carry flowers next year. 

 The American Pillar rose belongs here (Fig. 3461). 

 This group is particularly well adapted to the wild- 

 garden. The name Polyantha, sometimes applied to 

 these roses, should be dropped to avoid confusion. 

 The Rosa polyantha of botanists is a synonym of R. 

 midtiflora (p. 2985), but the Polyanthas of horticultur- 

 ists are hybrids of R. multiflora with R. chinensis or 

 Hybrid Perpetuals; they are low bushy plants, first 

 described as Polyantha varieties by Carriere in Revue 

 Horticole, 1884. 



Garden-group 7. Evergreen. The so-called Evergreen 

 roses hold their foliage until very late in the year and 

 in hybridization appear likely to yield varieties which 

 are practically evergreen. 



