3004 



ROSE 



ROSE 



sachusetts, M. Horvath in Ohio, and Jackson Dawsqn 

 in Massachusetts have accomplished important work in 

 this field. Some of Walsh's recent introductions, as 

 Debutante and Sweetheart, not as yet fairly tried, and 

 the Dawson rose, may be classed here. They are valu- 

 able as trellis and pillar roses for garden decoration. 



3464. La France, a famous Hybrid Tea rose. ( X 1 A) 



This picture was made from the White La France. The original 



La France is pink. 



Garden-group 19. Perpetual Briers. Of this group 

 there are about five important types. 



Rugosa or Japan rose, a low-growing bush: hardy: 

 useful as a hedge plant, and specially adapted for 

 exposed situations near the seashore (Figs. 3446-3448) . 

 Hybrids have been made with.other Perpetual groups, 

 especially Teas and H. P.'s. Mme. Georges Bruant is 

 a type. The Rugosa blood is strongly seen in all cases. 



Microphylla has minute leaflets; now called Rosa 

 Roxburghii. 



Berberidif olia has leaves somewhat resembling bar- 

 berry; now known as Rosa persica. 



Perpetual Scotch, a perpetual-flowering form of 

 Rosa spinosissima, probably a hybrid from the 

 Damask. 

 Garden-group 20. Evergreen. Two types, as follows: 



Macartney, slender: sweetly scented and very 

 floriferous throughout the season. Is derived from R. 

 bracteata. 



Wichuraiana. The Wichuraiana hybrids already 

 referred to under Group 7 may dubiously be included 

 here. They have not yet been sufficiently tested. The 

 perpetual-flowering Ramblers have foliage partaking 

 of Wichuraiana and Tea characteristics. 



LEONARD BARRON. 



Propagation of roses. 



The rose is propagated by seeds, cuttings, grafting 

 or budding, by layers and by divisions. The genus is 

 so large and diversified and the requirements are so 



many that the whole art of the propagator is needed to 

 satisfy the claims of the Queen of Flowers. 



Seeds. Roses are grown from seeds not only to 

 obtain new varieties but also because many true species 

 are economically procured in this way, e. g., R. canina, 

 R. multiflora, R. ferruginea, R. rugosa, R. rubiginosa, 

 and the like. The seeds should be gathered in autumn 

 and at once stratified with moist sand or allowed to 

 ferment in tubs with a little water, and kept in a fairly 

 warm place. When well rotted they can be easily 

 rubbed and washed clean and should be planted at once, 

 either in carefully prepared and well-manured beds out- 

 of-doors or in pans or flats in a cool greenhouse. It is 

 sometimes advised that the hips should first be dried 

 and then rubbed clean, but this method often causes 

 delay in germination, a matter sufficiently troublesome 

 without additional complications; they should always 

 be kept moist. Whether they are planted under glass 

 or in the garden it is difficult to forecast their coming up. 

 It may be within a few weeks, e. g., R. multiflora under 

 glass; or at the beginning of the second growing season 

 after planting, e. g., Sweetbrier seed planted out-of-doors 

 in November, 1914, may be expected to germinate in the 

 spring of 1916, while R. rugosa sown at the same time 

 may come up the following spring, i. e., in 1915, or, a 

 season intervening, it will appear with the Sweetbriar in 

 1916. Stratifying or fermenting the seeds tends to 

 secure uniform germination within a reasonable time. It 

 has also been suggested, and many things confirm the 

 idea, that early gathering helps to hasten germination; 

 in other words, do not wait for excessive ripeness, but 

 pick the hips as soon as the seeds harden, some time 

 before the fruit is deep red. Until these matters are 

 better understood, all rose seed sown out-of-doors, 

 either in autumn or spring, should be mulched 2 to 3 

 inches deep with pine needles or other litter. Frequent 

 examinations should be made in spring and the cover- 

 ing at once removed when the seedlings appear; if they 

 do not appear, let the mulch remain to keep down weeds 

 and retain moisture in the seed-bed. Pans or flats in 

 which seed has been planted should be kept at least 

 eighteen months before discarding, with the soil always 

 moist. Notwithstanding the difficulties of germination, 

 the young seedlings make most satisfactory growth and 

 may generally be transplanted into nursery rows when 



3465. Yellow Tea rose, Madame Honore Defresne, 

 useful in the South. 



