3010 



ROSE 



ROSE 



with a chart for each bed. Fig. 3476. This should be 

 made at once after the plants are set out and before 

 the labels have become detached. ROBERT HTJEY. 



A. C. BEAL.f 



Outdoor roses for the mid-continental region. 



An intercontinental region, of which central Missouri 

 may be considered a typical representative, often pre- 

 sents gardening problems which markedly differ from 

 those in territory adjacent to large bodies of water. 

 The longer season of intense heat combined with 

 extreme low humidity, together with the frequently 

 sudden and extreme fluctuations in temperature, both 

 during winter and summer, so influence vegetation 

 that $ the same degree of perfection is to be attained, 

 and competition successfully met, horticultural opera- 

 tions must be strictly orthodox, and confined to fewer 

 varieties than may be grown elsewhere. This appears 

 to be preeminently true in outdoor rose-growing. This 

 crop can be as successfully produced under the vary- 

 ing conditions to which the region is subject, providing 

 well-established rules, practised by expert rose-growers 

 everywhere in planting and cultivation, are strictly 

 followed, and if the right varieties are chosen. The 

 most hopeless situation is the congested city condi- 

 tions with air contaminated with poisonous gases. 

 Energy and enthusiasm in gardening in such a place 

 are better spent with other plants. 



In planning a location and the arrangement for roses, 

 the purposes for which they are to be grown must be 

 considered. A rose-garden separated from other 

 features of the ground is becoming more and more an 

 important part of parks and private estates. Into this 

 area are grouped a general collection, or specimens of 

 all kinds. It should have a sunny position, though the 

 ground-surface may gradually slope in any direction. 

 Other conditions being identical, a gentle northerly 

 slope is preferred. The kinds may be grouped by types, 

 color, and habit of plant, with all specimens of one 

 kind together rather than the different varieties mixed, 

 the rugosa, briers, and wild roses bunched in masses, 

 and the climbing sorts on a pergola or trellis. The 

 general dwarf kinds are arranged in irregular or geomet- 

 rical beds, which, for the sake of convenience, should 

 not be more than from 4 to 6 feet in the greatest width, 

 but of any desired length. Rose-beds may also be 

 located on other parts of the grounds. Low, swampy 

 or poorly drained soil should be avoided, and the 

 beds well separated from trees or large masses of 

 other shrubs. Tea and Perpetual roses should not 



be grown as single specimens, but always in groups 

 or beds. 



Suitable hedges may be made from many varieties 

 of roses: notably rugosa and its hybrids for a broad or 

 thick hedge, Orleans for a dwarf, and Gruss an Teplitz 

 for medium to tall. Hybrid Perpetual sorts may also 

 be used. With the exception of rugosa, it is better to 



3477. Rosa rugosa. ( X H) 



3478. Russian form of Rosa rugosa. ( X Ji) 



plant in double rows, about 9 inches apart, the plants 

 18 inches to 2 feet apart, alternating in each row. 



Shrubbery masses containing roses only or with an 

 admixture of other shrubs may be made by using wild 

 species, sweetbrier, and rugosa. Climbers and trailers 

 are well and largely used on porches, trellises, tree 

 stumps, and to trail on banks, mounds, and the like. 



Types and varieties. 



While the Tea roses are the most tender of the groups, 

 many of its varieties can be made to succeed by select- 

 ing a location most sheltered from extreme cold, and by 

 providing a thorough winter mulch. Without the latter 

 provision it is useless to attempt any varieties of this 

 type. The following are among the best for this region: 

 Etoile de Lyon, yellow; Maman Cochet, silvery rose; 

 Maman Cochet White; Perle des Jardins, yellow; 

 Mme. Francisca Kruger, coppery yellow; William R. 

 Smith, creamy white; Duchesse de Brabant, pink. 



As a type, the varieties of the Hybrid Tea group are 

 more hardy and bloom as freely and continuously as 

 the Teas. There are exceptions with some of the varie- 

 ties. There is considerable variation in the different 

 sorts, the character of some partaking strikingly of the 

 delicate Teas, while others resemble the more vigorous 

 Hybrid Perpetuals. Many kinds display the best quali- 

 ties of both types, having their long flowering period 

 and beautiful blooms of good substance, preeminent 

 among which are: Gruss an Teplitz, scarlet; Jonkheer 

 J. L. Mock, pink; General Mac Arthur, scarlet; LaFrance, 

 pink; Kaiserin Augusta Victoria, white; Antoine 

 Rivoire, pale yellow; Mrs. Aaron Ward, yellow; Lady 

 Ashtown, soft rose; My Maryland, salmon-pink; 

 William H. Taft, pink; Helen Gould, carmine-red; 

 William Shean, pink. 



The Hybrid Perpetual is a still hardier type in which 

 are to be found varieties producing blossoms that 

 command the highest prices because of their large size, 

 good substance, and long stems. The most noted 

 representative is American Beauty, still largely grown 

 under glass and in many localities out-of-doors, but 

 for the latter purpose not now generally counted on for 

 the degree of success usually attained by other kinds in 



