3030 



RUBUS 



RUBUS 



grooved, thorny with flattened declined or curved 

 prickles, mostly thinly hairy or pubescent : petioles and 

 midribs recurved prickly; Ifts. 3 or 5, thick, green above 

 and white-tomentose beneath, round-elliptic or round- 

 ovate, the terminal one broad-elliptic or ovate, abruptly 

 pointed, sharply and mostly doubly serrate-dentate: 

 infl. thyrsoid-paniculate, narrow, short or elongated, 

 sometimes compound ; densely pubescent or tomentose, 

 leafy; fls. about medium size, white, the small reflexed 

 sepals white-tomentose: fr. black. Germany, and 

 probably scattered by cult., regarded by Focke as one 

 form of the collective species R. thyrsoideus, Wimm. 

 Inserted here because the plant grown in this country 

 as the Himalaya berry (p. 1492) is perhaps referable 

 to it. 



57. Linkianus, Ser. St. angled with many very 

 strong and sharp hooked prickles and mostly finely 

 pubescent: petioles and midribs strongly prickly; Ifts. 

 3-5, oval or elliptic and acute, strongly and mostly 

 doubly toothed, green and nearly or quite glabrous 

 above but white-tomentose beneath: infl. short-panicu- 

 late, beset with strong prickles and often more or less 

 leafy, pubescent or tomentose: fls. mostly double, 

 white, the petals obovate and about ^-^in. long: 

 fr. black. Species founded on garden specimens, the 

 native country being unknown. It is said to be some- 

 times escaped from cult, and occurs now and then on 

 ballast. A similar plant (not double-fid.) occurs under 

 apparently feral conditions from Md. to Fla., and from 

 this race the Tree blackberry or Topsy, a very thorny 

 variety intro. some years ago as a fr.-plant, seems to 

 have come. This American plant has been confused 

 with R. cuneifolius, but differs in its very different 

 foliage. This group is much in need of careful study; 

 Focke regards it as one of the forms of R. thyrsanthus. 

 The plant sometimes grown as R. fruticosiis flare albo- 

 plena and R. spectabilis, Hort. (not Pursh), probably 

 belongs here or with the following. 



58. ulmifolius, Schott (R. fruticbsus fibre rbseo- 

 plena, Hort. R. bellidiflbrus, C. Koch). Sts. or canes 



curving-prpstrate or scandent; prickles stout, com- 

 pressed, dilated at base, straight or on the branches 

 deflexed or falcate: Ivs. of 3 or 5 Ifts., the petiole armed, 

 stipules linear; Ifts. coriaceous, small, unequally sharply 

 serrate, glabrous and somewhat rugose above, tomen- 

 tose beneath, the terminal one obovate or cuneate- 

 obovate to nearly orbicular: infl. elongated, leafy at 

 base, tomentose and prickly; fls. of medium size, with 



3498. Rubus illecebrosus. Sometimes known as strawberry- 

 raspberry. 



3499. Rubus laciniatus 

 (XH). No. 59. 



reflexed unarmed tomentose sepals and red broad- 

 obovate or suborbicular petals, sometimes double: fr. 

 black. Eu.; sometimes grown for its evergreen foliage 

 and in the form with double red or pink fls. 



59. laciniatus, Willd. (R. fmticbsus var. laciniatus, 

 Hort.). CUT-LEAVED or EVERGREEN BLACKBERRY. Fig. 

 3499. A tall, straggling bush with permanent or peren- 

 nial canes in mild climates, and Ivs. more or less ever- 

 green, the sts. provided with recurved prickles: Ifts. 3, 

 broadly ovate in general outline, cut into several or 

 many oblong or almost linear sharply toothed divisions, 

 the ribs prickly below and the petioles strongly so: fls. 

 in terminal panicles, white or blush, the calyx and 

 pedicels pubescent or even tomentose: fr. usually 

 thimble-shaped, late, black, often excellent. Gn. 21, p. 

 57; 45, p. 78. G.M. 49:765. This blackberry is proba- 

 bly native to Eu., where it has been long known in 

 gardens. It is apparently only a cut-lvd. form of the 

 European R. vulgaris, Weihe & Nees. It is now widely 

 scattered, and seems to thrive particularly well in 

 Hawaii and other Pacific islands and on the Pacific 

 slope. By some it is supposed to be native to the 

 South Sea Ms. (see Bull. 64, Utah Exp. Sta.). It is 

 probable that the plant has been intro. into the W. 

 from those sources, but such fact does not prove its 

 original nativity. It has aroused considerable atten- 

 tion in Ore. and other parts of the W., and has been 

 known as the Oregon Everbearing blackberry. In 

 mild climates the lower parts of the canes often live 

 from year to year until they become as thick as one's 

 wrist; and in such climates the Ivs. persist for the 

 greater part of the winter. The plant has long been 

 grown for ornament in the eastern states, but it has 

 not attracted attention as a fr.-plant in this region. 

 The fruits are of fair size and quality, and ripen from 

 midsummer or late summer to Oct. The plant is a 

 good ornamental subject, although it is likely to cause 

 trouble by sprouting at the root. 



BB. Species-group of native American origin, with essen- 

 tially biennial canes: fl.-clusters from lateral shoots 

 as well as terminal. 



60. Cultivated American blackberry. A large 

 group of confused or at least undetermined origin, 

 developed within 50 to 75 years from native Amer- 

 ican species: mostly erect and thorny plants, the 

 canes commonly tall and more or less recurving at the 

 ends: Ifts. 3-5, from ovate-acuminate to rarely nearly 



