3066 



SALVIA 



irregularly pinnatisect Ivs., the extreme segm. much larger than the 

 others: corolla showy, dark violet-purple with a white throat. 

 Morocco. B.M. 5860. S. lamiifdlia, Jacq. (S. amcena, Sims) (Sec. 



7). Shrub, about 2 ft. high, with ovate, serrate-crenate Ivs.: corolla 



lue, the upper li 

 B.M. 1294. B.R. 446. L.B.C. 4:377. S. lavenduloides, HBK. (S. 



. , . , . 



blue, the upper lip covered with whitish blue wool. W. Indies. 



lavenduliformis, Neum.) (Sec. 7). Perennial herb, with very short- 

 petioled, oblong-lanceolate Ivs.: spikes 2-3 ft. long; corolla pale blue, 

 small. Mex. R.H. 1845:445. S. leonurcM.es, Glox. (S. formosa, 

 L'Her.) (Sec. 7). Shrub, about 3 ft. high, with ovate or rhomboid 

 Ivs.: the floral whorls in the axils of the cauline Ivs. not racemose; 

 corolla scarlet. Peru and Brazil. B.M. 376. S. macrostachya, HBK. 

 (Sec. 7). Shrub, about 6 ft. high, with subrotund-ovate Ivs., their 

 base deeply cordate, the auricles rounded; the floral Ivs. large, green: 

 corolla blue, the lower lip longer than the galea. Peru. B.M. 7372. 



S. oaxac&na, Fern. (Sec. 7). Shrub, much branched: Ivs. ovate, pale 

 green and strongly rugose above, white-tomentose beneath: floral 

 whorls mostly 2-fld. ; corolla cardinal-red, nearly 1 ^4 in. long. Mex. 

 S. oppositifldra, Ruiz & Pav. (Sec.7). Half-hardy subshrub, about 2 ft. 

 high, with ovate, pubescent Ivs.: floral whorls 2-fld., secund, calyx 

 striate; corolla scarlet. F.S. 4:345. P.M. 15:53. Gt. 4:212. S. 

 princeps, Hort. (Sec. 7). Subshrub, 3-6 ft. high: Ivs. large, ovate- 

 serrate, with the principal veins prominent: spikes large, terminating 

 the branches; calyx colored; corolla brilliant carmine-rose, slightly 

 ventricose, Ifts. small. Mex. R.B. 33 : 257. Resembles S. splendens. 



S. prunettoides, HBK. (S. brunellodes, Voss) (Sec. 7). Several 

 herbaceous sts. from a perennial base: Ivs. ovate-oblong, both sur- 

 facesgreen: corolla blue. Mex. P.M. 11:175. Var. purpurea, Hort., 

 has the fls. purplish red. S. rutilans, Carr. (Sec. 7). A plant 

 with a small green calyx and usually 2-fld. floral whorls. Prob- 

 ably a horticultural form of S. splendens. R.H. 1873:250. G.C. 

 II. 15:117(?). S. scabiossefdlia, Lam. (S. Habliziana, Willd.) 

 (Sec. 1). Perennial herb, \-\ l A ft. high, with pinnatisect Ivs.: 

 segms. 3-5-jugate, frequently in pairs or 3's: corolla white. Tauria. 

 B.M. 1429 and 5209. S. scapiformis, Hance (Sec. 11). Perennial 

 herb: Ivs. radical, broadly ovate or oblong-oordate: scapes 6-10 in. 

 high; the floral whorls numerous; corolla amethystine. Formosa. 

 B.M. 6980. S. Sieheana, Hort., is described as perennial, and having 

 large light lilac fls. S. Soidiei, Duthie. Perennial, about 2 ft. high: 

 sts. herbaceous: Ivs. dark green, triangular, rugose: fls. numerous, 

 tubular-lipped, delicate shade of blue. China. S. striciifldra, Hook. 

 (Sec. 7). Shrub, about 2 ft. high, with ovate, pale green, slightly 

 fleshy Ivs.: fls. stiffly erect, tubular and golden red. Peru. B.M. 

 3135. P.M. 11:247. S. taraxacifdlia, Coss. & Bal. (Sec. 1). Sub- 

 shrub, 6-18 in. high, with Ivs. 2-4 in. long, pinnatisect, terminal 

 lobe 1-1 % in. long, ovate and irregularly sinuate-toothed, all white- 

 tomentose beneath: corolla pale pink with a yellowish disk to the 

 lower lip and a purple-speckled palate. Morocco. B.M. 5991. 

 S. tricolor, Lem. (Sec. 7). Half-hardy shrub, about 2 ft. high, with 

 small ovate Ivs. rounded-obtuse at the apex, with a terminal tooth: 

 corolla white, the lower part of the large lower lip reddish. Mex. 



I.H. 4:120. F.S. 12:1237. 



F. TRACY HUBBARD. 



SALVtNIA (Antonio Maria Salyini, 1633-1729, 

 Italian scientist). Marsiliaceae. An interesting plant 

 for the small home aquarium. Salyinia is a genus of 

 fern-allies found mostly in the tropics and comprising 

 about a dozen species, only one of which, S. natans, 

 Linn. (Fig. 3540), is cultivated. 



Plants floating, with slender sts. bearing apparently 

 2-ranked, oblong Ivs. 4-6 lines or even 1 in. long: upper 

 surface of Ivs. covered with papulae or minute warts; 

 lower densely matted with brown pellucid hairs. The 

 plant is supposed to have no true roots. What look like 

 roots are believed to be finely dissected Ivs. ; one of these 

 occurs with each pair of the foliage-lvs. Many aquatic 

 plants have these 2 types of foliage, e. g., the water 

 buttercup, Ranunculus aquatilis. Salvinia looks much 

 like a flowering plant but it is a spore plant and has 



2 kinds of spores, 

 large ones and 

 minute ones. 

 These spores are 

 I produced in small 

 oval bodies known 

 ===_===- as sporocarps, i. e. 

 3540. Salvinia natans. (Xaboutl) "spore-fruits." Of 



each cluster of 



sporocarps, 1 or 2 contain 10 or more sessile macrospor- 

 angia, each of which contains a solitary macrospore. 

 The other sporocarps in the cluster contain numerous 

 microsporangia, each of which contains numerous 

 microspores. 



The plant is of easy culture in summer, but many 

 persons have lost it over winter by not understanding 

 its habits. It is an annual and often dies in the winter 

 after ripening a crop of spores. Secure a broad pan, fill it 

 half full of loam and then fill the pan with water. After 

 the water has cleared place the salvinias on the sur- 



face. In the winter watch for the formation of the 

 spore-capsules. These grow in masses near the top of 

 the clusters of root-like leaves. After the plants die 

 the spore-capsules will remain in the soil. The plant 

 often passes the winter in greenhouses in a growing 

 condition, producing no spores. R c BENEDICT.! 



SAMANEA (a corruption of its native Spanish name 

 of zamari). Leguminbsse. Spineless or rarely spiny 

 trees or shrubs of the American tropics, where one or 

 two of them are much planted for shade. 



3541. Samanea Saman. 



Leaves several- or rarely many-pinnate; Ifts. 1- to 

 many-pinnate: fls. in globose heads: pods straight or 

 somewhat curved, rigid, more or less constricted, flat, 

 thickened or subterete, leathery or fleshy, indehiscent or 

 rarely but slightly so; septate between the seeds. Dis- 

 tinguished from Enterolobium by the nearly straight 

 pods and from Pithecolobium by its indehiscent sep- 

 tate pods. About 30 species. 



A. Lvs. 2-4-pinnate; Ifts. 2-8-pinnate. 



Saman, Merrill (Mimosa Samdn, Jacq. Pithecolo- 

 bium Samdn, Benth. Enterolobium Samdn, Prain). 

 RAIN TREE. ZAMAN. SAMAN. Figs. 3541, 3542. A 

 large tree, reaching a height of 60-80 ft., with wide- 

 spreading branches; branchlets velvety pubescent: Ivs. 

 2-4-pinnate; Ifts. 2-8-pinnate, oblique, ovate-oblong 

 or suborbicular, up to \Y<i in. long, shining above, 

 pubescent beneath: peduncle 4-5 in. long: fls. in heads, 

 in short pedicels; calyx J^in. long, pubescent; corolla 

 about J^in. long, yellowish; silky, villous; stamens 

 20, light crimson, shortly connected: pod sessile, 

 straight, thick -margined, [leathery-fleshy, glabrous, 

 indehiscent, 6-8 in. long, J^-l in. broad, flattened 

 or subterete. A native of Cent. Amer. and the W. 

 Indies, but now widely distributed in the tropics as an 

 ornamental shade tree. Blanco, Fl. Filip. 309. Jacq. 

 Fragm. 9. G.C. III. 11:557. The Ifts. fold together 

 on the approach of rain. A rapid grower. The pods 

 contain a rich sugar-pulp and are eagerly eaten by 

 cattle and horses. The seeds are of little food value as 

 they are not digested and often cause slight digestive 

 troubles. The pods when eaten by cows are said to 

 increase the quality of their milk. 



AA. Lvs. 5-12-pinnate; Ifts. 20-30-pinnate. 



arbdreum, Ricker (Mimosa arbbrea, Linn. Mimosa 

 filicifblia, Lam. Pithecolobium filicifblium, Benth. 

 Pithecolobium arbbreum, Urban). A magnificent tree, 

 50-75 ft. tall, ferruginous-tomentose : Ivs. 8-12- 

 pinnate; Ifts. 20-30-pinnate, oblique, falcate-oblong, 

 obtuse, %-%in. long, glabrescent: peduncles axillary 

 or above the axils, 2-3 in. long: fls. white, sessile in 

 globose heads, often pubescent; calyx 1 line long, 

 corolla M m - long: pod red, tomentose when young, 

 becoming glabrous, terete, fleshy, constricted between 

 the seed, slightly curved or twisted, 2-3 in. long, 

 ^-J^m. broad, finally somewhat dehiscent; seeds 

 black. Trop. Amer. p. L. RICKER. 



