3106 



SCABIOSA 



SOEVOLA 



3. stellata, Linn. An annual plant, hairy, simple or 

 somewhat branched, 6-18 in. high: Ivs. cut or somewhat 

 lyrate, the terminal lobe large, obovate, dentate, the 

 upper ones often pinnately parted: fls. blue, in long- 

 peduncled heads; corolla 5-cleft, the lobes radiate. 

 June and later. S. Eu. 



4. brachiata, Sibth. & Smith. An annual species 

 about 1 ft. high: lower Ivs. ovate-oblong, the upper 

 pinnately cut, lyrate; the lower lobes decurrent, the 

 terminal large, obovate, oblong: fls. light blue. June 

 and later. Eu., Asia. Recent authors have kept this 

 distinct as the type of the genus Callistema where it 

 becomes C. brachiatum, Boiss. 



5. ucranica, Linn. (S. Wulfenii, Roem. &. Schult.). 

 Biennial or perennial: sts. erect, branched: Ivs. pilose- 

 pubescent with appressed white hairs; the lower pin- 

 nately parted, segms. oblong or oblong-linear, entire or 

 dentate; the upper often undivided: calyx-limb short- 

 stipitate; corolla white or yellowish white, rarely rose 

 or blue, lobes nearly entire or crenate: fruiting head 



spherical. Eu., Asia 



3564. Scabiosa atropurpurea. 



6. Reuteriana, Boiss. 

 Annual: st. erect, 

 branched: lower Ivs. ob- 

 long - spatulate, entire ; 

 the other Ivs. lyrate, 

 lateral segms. on each 

 side 1-2, short, lanceo- 

 late, terminal segm. 

 much larger: involucre 

 setose at base: calyx- 

 limb short-stipitate; co- 

 rolla pale violet, lobes 

 denticulate : fruiting 

 head ovate. Asia Minor. 



7. atropurpurea, Linn. 

 (S. major, Hort. S.mari- 

 tima, Linn. S. calypto- 

 cdrpa, St. Amans). 

 SWEET SCABIOUS. Fig. 

 3564. An annual branch- 

 ing plant about 2 ft. high : 

 radical Ivs. lanceolate- 

 ovate, lyrate, coarsely 

 dentate; st. -Ivs. pin- 

 nately parted, the lobes 

 oblong, dentate or cut: 



The mourning bride or pin-cushion fl "g*. , 



flower. (X 1 A) Eju-* 3ie, rose, or 



white, in long-peduncled 



heads, becoming ovate or oblong in fr. July-Oct. S. 

 Eu. Gn. 21, p. 118. B.M. 247. F.S. 12:1203. Very 

 variable and in common cult. S. varia, Hort., not Gilib., 

 is probably a name applied to mixed varieties of S. 

 atropurpurea. Var. candidissima, Hort., is a white- 

 fld. form; also occurs double under the horticultural 

 names of candidissima flore-pleno and candidissima 

 plena. Var. coccinea, Hort., is a scarlet-fld. form. Var. 

 compacta, Hort., only a compact form, probably refera- 

 ble to var. grandiflora. Var. fldre-pleno, Hort., see yar. 

 grandiflora. Var. grandifldra, Hort. (S. grandifldra, 

 Hort. S. atropurpurea var. maxima, Hort. S. atro- 

 purpurea var. flore-pleno, Hort.), is really a large-fld. 

 strain occurring in several variant forms based on habit, 

 fl. -color, and the like. One form is known horticul- 

 turally as grandiflora compacta, also occurring double, 

 and a second as maxima plena. By some authorities 

 this variety includes all the others; it is the common 

 garden strain. Var. major, Hort., also known horti- 

 culturally as grandifldra major, is a tall-growing form of 

 which the following variations are named in the trade: 

 major aurantlaca, major sulphurica, and major compacta 

 atropurpurea. Var. maxima, Hort., see var. grandiflora. 

 Var. minor, Hort., see var. nana. Var. nana, Hort. 

 (S. atropurpurea var. minor, Hort. S. minor, Hort.), 



also known horticulturally as grandiflora minor, is a 

 smaller-growing group of plants, very much branched, 

 of which the following forms are named in the trade: 

 minor aurea flore-pleno, also known as S. minor aurea 

 flore-pleno, which has light yellow double fls.; nana 

 foliis-aureis with yellow foliage, and nana plena. Var. 

 pumila, Hort., also known horticulturally as grandi- 

 fldra pumila, is a dwarf group occurring in various 

 colors; there is also a double form horticulturally 

 known as pumila flore-pleno. This is the group listed in 

 the trade as Tom Thumb. The forms of S. atropurpu- 

 rea are among the most popular of flower-garden 

 annuals. Seeds sown in the open ground in spring 

 should give bloom in early summer and continue till 

 frost. The composite-like heads are produced on long 

 sts., good for cutting. 



8. jap6nica, Miq. Perennial, tufted, about 2 ft. 

 high, dichotomously branched: Ivs. pinnatisect, lobes 

 narrow: fl. -heads terminal or axillary, very long-pedun- 

 cled, violet-blue, about 2 in. across, involucral bracts in 

 2 rows, very unequal, shorter than the fls. Sept. to 

 frost. Japan. Closely allied to S. atropurpurea. 



9. ochrole&ca, Linn. (S. Columbaria var. ochroleiica, 

 Hort. S. alata, Hort.). A hardy perennial herb about 

 18 in. high: st. branching and somewhat hairy: lys. 

 whitish-pubescent, the radical crenate or lyrately pin- 

 natifid, tapering to a petiole, pubescent on both sides, 

 those of the st. 1-2-pinnately divided or cleft into 

 oblong or linear lobes: peduncles long, slender: Ivs. of 

 the involucre shorter than the fls. June to autumn. 

 Eu. and Asia. Var. Webbiana, Hort. (S. Webbiana, D. 

 Don). Height 6-10 in.: lower Ivs. canescent-villous, 

 the upper .glabrous. Resembles the type but is smaller 

 in all its parts. B.R. 717. 



10. Columbaria, Linn. A hardy perennial quite vari- 

 able in character, 2 ft. high: st. branching, glabrous or 

 nearly so: radical Ivs. ovate-obtuse, crenate, membra- 

 nous, pubescent on both sides; st.-lvs. glabrous, pin- 

 nately parted, the segms. linear, entire or slightly 

 incised: fls. blue, in ovate-globular heads on long 

 pubescent peduncles. June-Sept. Eu., Asia, Afr. Var. 

 alba, Hort., is a white-fld. form. 



S. alpina, Linn.=Cephalaria alpina, Schrad. S. elata, Hornem. 

 =Cephalaria tatarica, Schrad. S. lutea, Hort., is a perennial 

 growing 5-7 ft. high: fls. yellow, not known botanically. G. 25:442. 

 Var. gigantea, Hort., is also offered in the trade. S. tatdrica, Linn. 

 =Cephalaria tatarica, Schrad. R.B. 33:353. 



F. TRACY HuBBARD.f 



SCABIOUS. For common scabious, see Scabiosa. For Shep- 

 herd's or Sheep scabious, see Jasione perennis. 



SC^VOLA (Latin, a diminutive of scseva, the left- 

 handed, probably alluding to the form of the corolla). 

 Goodeniacese. Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs suitable for 

 greenhouse culture: Ivs. alternate: fls. solitary between 

 2 bracteoles, sessile or pedunculate, axillary or the 

 peduncles dichotomously branched with a fl. in each 

 fork; calyx-tube adnate, limb usually very short; corolla 

 oblique, the tube slit open to the base, lobes nearly equal ; 

 ovary wholly inferior or rarely the summit free, 2- 

 celled with 1 erect ovule in each cell, or 1-celled with 

 1 or 2 erect ovules: fr. indehiscent, more or less succu- 

 lent. About 83 species, mostly Australian, but also 

 the Pacific islands, Asia, and one each in Afr. and the 

 W. Indies. A few of the species which have been cult. 

 are: S. attenuata, R. Br., with broadly lanceolate Ivs. 

 and blue fls. in terminal leafy spikes. Austral. B.M. 

 4196. S. cuneiformis, Labill., with obovate lower and 

 oblong-cuneate upper Ivs. and blue fls. in a long inter- 

 rupted spike. Austral. S. suaveolens, R. Br., a pros- 

 trate, or decumbent hardy perennial or subshrub with 

 petiolate Ivs. obovate to oblong-spatulate, and blue 

 fls. in interrupted terminal hirsute spikes. Aug. 

 Austral. For a recent treatment of this genus, see 

 Krause in Engler's Pflanzenreich, hft. 54 (IV. 277 and 

 277o), 1912. 



