3110 



SCHISMATOGLOTTIS 



SCHIZANDRA 



white, the total mass of green being less than the varie- 

 gation; petiole 3-4 ^ in. long; blade 4-5 x 1%-2H in. 

 Borneo. I.H. 31:520. G.C. II. 24:361. S. decora var. 

 Wittmanidna was offered in 1893 by John Saul, Wash- 

 ington, D. C. 



DD. Upper surface of blade ashy-striped. 

 longispatha, Bull. Lvs. ovate, base slightly cordate, 

 apex acuminate, upper surface broadly ashy-white- 

 striped in the middle, otherwise green; petiole IK 

 times as long as the blade. Borneo. I.H. 29:466. 



cc. The petiole about equaling the blade and verrucose. 



asperata, Engler. Caudex short: Ivs. ovate or obo- 

 vate, base cordate or only emarginate, apex acuminate, 

 upper surface green with minute white dots, lower pale 

 black-dotted; petiole about as long as blade. Borneo. 

 Var. albo-maculata, Engler (S. crispata, Hook.), has the 

 upper surface of the Ivs. silvery with the exception of 

 the midnerve, the lateral nerves, and the margins, which 

 are green. Borneo. B.M. 6576. 



BBB. Blade ovate-oblong or its outline more or less triangu- 

 lar and cordate or rarely cordate-ovate, sometimes 

 varying in the same specimen. 

 c. Adult st.-blades oblong-ovate, base distinctly cordate; 



blade ashy '^maculate. 



neoguineensis, N. E. Br. (S. novoguinensis, Engler. 

 S. variegata, Hort., not Hook.). Lvs. ovate-cordate, 

 bright green, irregularly blotched with pale yellowish 

 green, the total mass of green being greater than the 

 variegation; petiole 9-12 in. long; blade 8-9 x &-5% in. 

 New Guinea. I.H. 27:380 (as Colocasia neoguineensis, 

 the variegation being a bright creamy white) . 



cc. Adult st.-blades thin, broadly ovate-cordate, white or 



palely ashy-maculate. 



picta, Schott. Lvs. ovate-cordate, the basal lobes 

 short, but the sinus deep, dark green above, marked 

 with lacerated glaucous spots at the middle, on each 

 side of the midrib, and between the nerves; petiole 8-16 

 in. long; blade 6-7 in. long. Java. 



BBBB. Blade broadly ovate-cordate, slightly longer than 



broad, posterior lobes semi-ovate. 

 latifdlia, Miq. (S. rupestris, Zoll. & Mor.). Caudex 

 thick, above ground: Ivs. ovate, acute, deeply cordate, 

 6-18 x 6-12 in., upper surface dull green, lower paler, 

 posterior lobes semi-ovate, sinus acute; petiole usually 

 longer than the blade. Java, Celebes, and the Philip- 

 pines. 



S. oblongifdlia var. Ctirtisii, Hort., is offered in the trade but is 

 apparently not known botanically. S. Roebettnii, Pitcher & Manda, 

 1895, p. 138. "Lvs. beautifully marked with silvery white in a 

 broad feathery variegation. Only the center and edge of the lys. 

 are plain light green. The plant is compact, free-growing, with 

 thick Ivs. as enduring as those of a rubber tree. A fine house plant." 

 This plant is imperfectly known. It is figured in Pitcher & Manda's 

 catalogue for 1895:141 as S. Roebelinii, and the same is used in 

 A.G. 19:589 (1898) as S. picta and in V. 23:71 (1899) as S. 

 crispata. The plant so pictured is distinct from any species 

 described above. There is more white than green in the If., only the 

 edges and midrib portion being green. Some growers think it to be 

 a sport of S. asperata var. albo-maculata. S. Seemanii, Hort. Bull, 

 was advertised by the U. S. Nursery Co. 1895, but seems unknown 

 to botanists. S. siamensis, Hort. Bull, imperfectly known to 

 botany. Possibly a species of Aglaonema. 



F. TRACY HuBBARD.f 



SCHISMUS (Greek, schisma, a cleft, referring to the 

 2-lobed lemma). Gramineae. Low annuals with short 

 dense panicles of pale shining spikelets. Species 4, 

 Medit. region and Afr. S. calycinus, Cpss., has recently 

 been intro., but is of no horticultural importance. 



A. S. HITCHCOCK. 



SCHIZ./EA (Greek, to split). Schiz&aceae. A group 

 of small ferns with twisted grass-like Ivs. and sedge- 

 like sporophylls formed of a cluster of closely com- 

 pacted pinnse, each with 2 rows of sporangia, which 

 in common with the family are pear-shaped, with an 

 apical ring, opening by a vertical fissure. 



pusflla, Pursh. Our only native species, growing in 

 sand at the edges of bogs, mainly in N. J. Lvs. 1 in. 

 long, grass-like, twisted sporophylls 2-3 in. long, with 

 the apex expanded and consisting of 6-8 closely com- 

 pacted divisions. Known locally as curly-grass. The 

 prothallus resembles the protonema of a moss, being 

 filamentous rather than thallose as in ordinary ferns. 



L. M. UNDERWOOD. 



SCHIZANDRA (Greek, schizein, to cleave, and aner, 

 andros, man, stamen, referring to the cleft or separate 

 anther-cells). Including Sphserdstema and Maximo- 

 wiczia. Magnoliacese. Ornamental vines grown chiefly 

 for their handsome bright green foliage and the scarlet 

 or orange-red berry-like fruits. 



Deciduous twining shrubs: Ivs. alternate, long- 

 petioled, entire or denticulate, exstipulate: fls. slender- 

 stalked, in few-fld. axillary clusters, dioecious or monoe- 

 cious; sepals and petals 9-12, not differing; stamens 

 5-15, more or less connate: carpels numerous, imbri- 

 cated in the fl., developing into berries disposed on the 

 elongated filiform receptacle, forming a drooping ra- 

 ceme. Ten or 12 species in E. Asia from N. China and 

 Japan to the Malay Archipelago and one species in N. 

 Amer. The frs. of the Asiatic species are eaten in their 

 native countries. 



These are handsome vines mostly twining to the 

 height of 10 to 20 feet, with bright green medium- 

 sized, generally ovate or elliptic, slender-stalked leaves 

 and with axillary long -stalked usually cup-shaped 

 white or red flowers followed by showy scarlet or red, 

 rarely black, berry-like fruits forming drooping racemes. 

 S. chinensis is hardy North, while the other Chinese 

 species are somewhat tenderer; the native S. coccinea 

 can be grown only South. They may be used for cover- 

 ing rocks, trees, shrubs, or fences, and seem to thrive 

 best in partly shaded and somewhat moist places in a 

 porous, sandy loam. To enjoy the very showy fruit 

 which ripens at the end of August or in September, both 

 sexes must be planted together, as most species are 

 dioecious. Propagation is by seeds, by greenwood cut- 

 tings under glass, root-cuttings or layers, and also by 

 suckers. 



coccinea, Michx. High-climbing shrub: Ivs. slender- 

 petioled, ovate or oval, acuminate, entire or obscurely 

 denticulate, glabrous, 2-3 H in. long: fls. monoecious, 

 crimson-purplish, i^-^in. across; stamens 5, connate 

 into a 5-lobed disk with the anther-cells widely sepa- 

 rated: berries scarlet, forming a loose raceme 2-3 in. 

 long. June. S. C. to E. Texas. B.M. 1413. 



chinensis, Baill. (Maximowiczia sinensis, Rupr.). 

 Climbing to 25 ft. : Ivs. broadly oval or ovate, acute or 

 acuminate, remotely denticulate, dark green and shin- 

 ing above, glabrous except at the veins beneath, 2-4 

 in. long; petiole ^-IJHz in. long: fls. dioecious, pinkish 

 white, J^in. across, fragrant; stamens 5, divided at the 

 apex: berries scarlet, forming a rather dense raceme 

 1-4 in. long. May, June. Japan, N. China, Amurland. 

 Gt. 12:382. F.S. 15:1594. Gn. 6, p. 583. M.D.G. 

 1899:568. G.C. III. 50:2. Var. rftbra, Hort., is prob- 

 ably S. rubriflora (see below) . 



S. glauciscens, Diels. Similar to S. chinensis: Ivs. oval to ellip- 

 tic, denticulate, glaucescent beneath: fls. orange-red: fr. scarlet. 

 Cent. China. S. grandifldra, Hook. f. & Thorns. Lvs. elliptic, 

 denticulate: fls. carmine or pink, 1 in. across: fr. red. Himalayas, 

 W. China. S. Hfrnryi, Clarke. Branches winged: Ivs. broadly ovate 

 to elliptic-ovate, glaucescent beneath: fls. creamy yellow, on pedicels 

 2-3 in. long. Cent. China. G.C. III. 38: 162. S. nigra, Maxim. 

 Similar to S. chinensis: Ivs. smaller, quite glabrous: fls. white: fr. 

 bluish black. Japan. Seems more tender than S. chinensis. S. 

 proplnqua, Hook. f. & Thorns. (Sphserostema propinquum, Blume). 

 Lvs. ovate to ovate-lanceolate, about 4 in. long on j^in.-long peti- 

 oles: fls. pale yellowish: fr. scarlet, forming racemes to 6 in. long 

 Himalayas. B.M. 4614. For cult, in subtropical regions or in the 

 warm greenhouse. Var. sinensis, Oliver. Lvs. oblong to lanceolate, 

 remotely dentate. Cent, and W. China. S. pubescens, Hemsl. & 

 Wilson. Lvs. broadly elliptic to ovate, remotely denticulate, 

 pubescent beneath, 34 in. long: fr. red and orange in racemes about 

 4 in. long. Cent. China. S. rubriflbra, Rehd. & Wilson. Lys. 

 obovate to oblong-obovate, denticulate: fls. dark red, about 1 in. 

 across: fr. crimson, in long racemes. W. China. S. sphenan- 



