3148 



SEMPER VIVUM 



SENECIO 



about Hin. across, pale red, in a panicle 1 ^-2 in. diam.; 

 calyx densely pilose; petals densely ciliated. Habitat 

 unknown, possibly the French Alps. 



41. calc&reum, Jord. (S. californicum, Hort.). Bar- 

 ren rosettes about 2 in. diam., young ones nearly ses- 

 sile: Ivs. oblanceolate-cuneate, cuspidate, very glau- 

 cous, with a very distinct red-brown tip, glabrous, outer 

 Ivs. 1-l^x %in.; cauline Ivs. densely imbricated, 

 oblong-lanceolate, l-l l A in. long: fl.-st. less than 1 ft. 

 high, including the infl. : fls. 10-12-merous, %in. across, 

 pale red in a panicle 3-4 in. long, with 8-12 simple 

 scorpioid branches; calyx densely pilose, segms. lanceo- 

 late; petals greenish down the keel, densely ciliate. 

 France on the calcareous alps of Dauphine. 



42. arvernense, Lecq. & Lamotte. Barren rosette 

 1^-23^ in. diam., copiously stolonif erous : Ivs. about 

 same number as in S. tectorum, oblanceolate-cuneate, 

 cuspidate, bright pale green, glabrous, tips of Ivs. with 

 a distinct red-brown blotch J^-^in. long, outer Ivs. 

 1-1% in- long: fl.-st. including infl. 6-8 in. high, densely 

 pilose: fls. pale pink, in a panicle 2-3 in. long and broad, 

 the lower fls. distinctly pedicelled; calyx-segms. lanceo- 

 late; petals linear. France. 



43. Boutignyanum, Bill. & Gren. Barren rosette 

 2-3 in. broad, copiously stolonif erous: Ivs. oblanceo- 

 late-cuneate, cuspidate, glabrous, green, with a dis- 

 tinct, decurrent red-brown tip, outer Ivs. 1-1 M in. 

 long; cauline Ivs. lanceolate, 1 in. or more long: fl.-st. 

 including infl. 6^8 in. long, short-pilose: fls. 12-14- 

 merous, about %in. across, pale rose, in a panicle 2-3 

 in. diam. which has 8-12 crowded fls.; calyx-segms. 

 lanceolate; petals densely glandular-ciliate. Eu. 

 Botanically probably a variant of S. arvernense. 



44. alpinum, Griseb. & Schenk. Rosettes 2-3 in. 

 diam.: Ivs. of rosettes oblanceolate, base cuneate, 

 apex short-acute, glabrous, green, red-tipped; cauline 

 Ivs. oblong to lanceolate, acuminate, sparsely pilose 

 beneath: fls. purple-reddish in a panicle, star-like, 

 expanded; petals 12, linear-lanceolate, glandular-ciliate, 

 dorsally obscurely stria te. Eu. Botanically it is proba- 

 bly only a variant of S. arvernense, though referred by 

 some authorities to S. montanum. 



45. Boissieri, Hort. Barren rosette very dense, 2-2 J^ 

 in. diam., composed of about 100 Ivs.; new rosettes 

 short-peduncled : Ivs. oblanceolate-cuneate, cuspidate, 

 broadest near the middle, glabrous, green, noticeably 

 red-brown-tinted at the tip, 1-1 % in. long; cauline Ivs. 

 closely imbricated, red-tinted, oblong to lanceolate: 

 fl.-sts. including the infl. 8-9 in. high.: fls. pale red, 

 12-14-merous, about 1 in. across, in a panicle about 2 

 in. diam. Hab.(?). 



S. affine, Lamotte, is offered in the trade as having dark green 

 rosettes marked with rose: fls. red. Eu. The botanical description 

 w not available and the species is not treated in recent European 

 floras. S. atropurpureum, Hort., is offered in the trade as having 

 rosettes washed with purple: fls. red. S. chrysanthoides, Hort., is 

 offered in the trade as a form with white fls. S. cilidsum, Craib. 

 Barren rosettes more or less flat, up to 1 M in. diam. : Ivs. oblong- 

 lanceolate, more or less acuminate, up to %in. long, keeled beneath, 

 conspicuously long white-ciliate toward the apex, pubescent above, 

 outer Ivs. red-tinted; cauline Ivs. imbricate, tip red-suffused: fl.- 

 sts. about 2 in. high, bearing about 6 subsessile fls. : fls. about 1 in. 

 across, pale green, 9-11-merous; calyx-segms. oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute, glandular-pubescent; petals linear, glandular - pubescent 

 externally. Hab.(?). Grown in botanic gardens. S. c6lchicum, 

 Hort., is offered in the trade. S. commutatum, Hort., is offered in 

 the trade. S. Delp6ntii, Hort., is a trade name. S. elegans, Lagg. 



losettes small, about J^in. diam., the young ones on short shoots 

 forming a mat: Ivs. linear-lanceolate, cuspidate, short-villous, 

 weakly cobwebbed, pale green, slightly ciliated; cauline Ivs. 

 numerous, slightly separated, oval-lanceolate, brown toward their 

 tip and tufted ciliate: fl.-st. weak, almost prostrate on the ground 

 during flowering and glandular-hairy; petals oval-lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate. Switzerland. Not treated in any of the recent Swiss floras but 

 offered in the trade. 5. hispdnicum, Willd., is a doubtful species 

 with subulate, semi-terete, ciliate, imbricated Ivs.; possibly a 



>edum. 6. hispdmcum, Pourr., equals Sedum nicajense. S. his- 

 pidulum, Hort., is offered in the trade. S. hispidum, Hort., is a horti- 

 cultural name. S. humilum, Hort., is a horticultural name. S. 

 kopaomkense.Panc., is said to be related to S. Heuffelii by Pancic, 

 but is not well known and it is suggested that it is only a form of 

 that species by recent authors. Serbia. S. Ldggei, Hort., is pre- 



sumably an error for Laggeri. S. leucdnthemum, Hort., is probably 

 an error for leucanthum. S. leucdnthum, Pane., is described as a 

 form with rather small rosettes, 12-merous fls. and white petals, 

 grown in gardens, now questionably referred to S. tectorum. S. 

 margindtum, Hort., is offered in the trade. S. pildsum, Hort., is a 

 trade name. S. pyrenaicum, Lamotte, is offered in the trade as 

 having handsomely formed and dark red rosettes. Eu. The botani- 

 cal description is not available and the recent European floras do 

 not treat this species.- S. rubens, Hort., is offered in the trade. S. 

 rubrum, Hort., is offered as having a dark base to the Ivs., possibly 

 the same as S. tectorum var. rubrum. S. rupestre, Hort., is a 

 trade name, perhaps a form of S. tectorum. S. Scherzeridnum, 

 Hort., is offered in the trade. S. specidsum, Lamotte, is offered in 

 the trade. Eu. The botanical description is not available and none 

 of the recent European floras mentions it. S. spindsum, Hort., is 

 a trade name. S. spinulifblium, Hort., is offered in the trade and 

 also occurs in botanic gardens. S. Th6msonii, Lindsay (S. 

 arachnoideum X S. tectorum), is offered in the trade; no description 

 of the hybrid is available. S. unMcilum, Hort., is a trade name. 

 Var. spindsum, Hort., is a trade name perhaps the same as the plant 

 offered in the trade as S. spinosum. S. urbicum, C. Smith. 

 Shrubby: st. erect, 3 ft. high, simple, stout, covered with If.-scars: 

 Ivs. many, rosulate at the top of the st., 4-6 x 1 ]4 in., narrowly 

 spatulate, cuspidate, very thick, pale green, margins erosely ser- 

 rulate, sessile or short-petioled : panicle very large, pyramidal, 3 ft. 

 high and nearly as broad, many-branched; fls. 10-merous, pale 

 yellow, J^in. across: calyx cup-shaped; petals lanceolate, acute. 

 Canary Isls. B.M. 7893. Belongs to the same group as S. arboreum. 

 A very showy species but tender. S. violaceum, Hort., is offered in 

 the trade; possibly the same as S. tectorum var. violaceum. S. 

 Zelebori, Scnott. Barren rosette more than 2 in. diam., the young 

 ones borne on densely puberulent peduncles: Ivs. spatulate-ob- 

 lanceolate to spatulate-lingulate, apex apiculate and purple, short- 

 ciliate, both surfaces densely puberulent, glaucous; cauline Ivs. 

 smaller, linear-lingulate, apiculate and puberulent: fl.-st. minutely 

 glandular and densely hirsute: fls. 11-12-merous, pale yellowish; 

 calyx-segms. lanceolate; petals linear-lanceolate, acuminate, viscid 

 hirtellous dorsally. Serbia. By some authorities referred to S. Pit- 

 tonii, by others to S. globiferum; apparently distinct from both 



F. TRACY HUBBARD. 



SENEBIERA (after Johann Senebier, a naturalist of 

 Geneva). Cruciferse. Annual or biennial herbs, very 

 diffusely branched from the ground, hardy: Ivs. alter- 

 nate, entire or pinnatisect: racemes short; fls. minute, 

 white, rarely purple; sepals short, spreading; stamens 

 free: silique small, didymous, laterally compressed; 

 valves shut, subglobose, rugose or crested. About 15 

 species in the temperate and warmer regions of the 

 world. 



The oldest name of the genus and the one now 

 accepted by those following the International rules is 

 Coronopus (Greek crow and foot, alluding to the form 

 and arrangement of the deeply cut Ivs.). C. didy- 

 mus, Smith (Senebiera didyma, Pers. S. pinnatifida, 

 DC. Leptdium didymum, Linn. Carara didyma, Brit.). 

 Plant 6-12 in. high: Ivs. 1-2-pinnately parted: fls. 

 white, small, numerous: pods notched at the apex, 

 rough-wrinkled. Widely distributed as a cosmopolitan 

 weed. 



SENECIO (Latin name for plants of this genus, ulti- 

 mately from senex, "old man;" said to be in allusion to 

 the hoary pappus). Composite. GROUNDSEL. A various 

 group, some of the herbaceous members of which are 

 grown as border plants for their mostly yellow heads 

 and sometimes for the striking habit; others are climb- 

 ers, grown mostly indoors, as the so-called German ivy; 

 the shrubby kinds are little known in cultivation. 



Senecio is probably the largest genus of plants, com- 

 prising some 1,200 species in all parts of the world. A 

 genus comprising so many members and being so widely 

 distributed is necessarily variable and therefore prac- 

 tically impossible of concise definition. A distinguishing 

 mark of the senecios lies in the character of the involu- 

 cre, scales or bracts in one series, and usually re- 

 inforced at the base by shorter scales or bracteoles that 

 give the head the appearance of having a small calyx. 

 Heads usually radiate, the ray-florets pistillate and 

 fertile, but sometimes the rays absent and then the 

 head is homogamous (florets all of one kind, i. e., per- 

 fect); disk-florets tubular, 5-toothed; style-branches 

 subterete, truncate, rounded-obtuse, occasionally ter- 

 minated by a small penicillate tuft of hairs; receptacle 

 usually naked: achenes mostly terete and ribbed; 

 pappus of soft whitish, often copious bristles. Most of 



