SOLIDAGO 



cc. Lower Irs. oblanceolate, merely crenaie or entire. 



nemoralis, Ait. Fig. 3639. St. slender, hairy, 18-24 

 in. tall: Ivs. thick, roughish. the lower petioled, oblan- 

 ceolate, crenate; upper Ivs. becoming smaller, linear- 

 oblong, acutish and entire: fls. in a 1-sided panicle, not 

 very large or showy; bracts of the involucre linear- 

 oblong, obtuse. In dry open places, E. N. Amer. 

 Aug.-Oct. Good for the sunny border and the fls. 

 usually very persistent. 



BBB. Foliage not fragrant; Ivs. pinnate-veined, rough. 



rugdsa, Mill. Fig. 3640. Stout erect mostly stiff 

 plant, to 7 ft., hairj-: Ivs. crowded above, lanceolate 

 to ovate-lanceolate, sharply serrate, more or less 

 rugose: heads in a broad pyramidal panicle, closely 

 arranged on one side of the curving branches. Canada 

 and I - 



Any number of Solidagos may be offered in lists, but they are 

 scarcely trade commodities. S. Buckleyi, Torr. & Gray, N. ~C. to 

 Ala., is a plant described as 2 or 3 ft. high, with ovate-oblong to 

 oblong-lanceolate Ivs., and heads in a loose and elongated thyrse; 

 the name is listed abroad, the plant said to be "suitable for rock- 

 garden, later summer-flowering, yellow, 1 ft." S. flerudsa, S. 

 ffigantea, S. Isrigata, are also listed, but the writers do not know 

 what plants pass under these names in cult. S. sempfrrirens. Linn. 

 A maritime fleshy-lvd. smooth plant, tall and stout, 2-4 ft. and 

 more: Ivs. entire, lanceolate to lance-oblong: heads in short racemes 

 which are disposed in a panicle. Atlantic seaboard of the U. S. 

 S. spertdbilis. Gray. Plait 1-2 ^ ft. tall: Ivs. lanceolate to linear, 

 the lower oblong or more or less spatulate and sparingly serrate: 

 heads golden yellow, numerous and crowded in a thvrse. Nev. to 



L.H.B. 

 N. TAYLOR. 



SOLLYA (in honor of Richard Horsman Solly, 1778- 

 185S, an English botanist). Pittosporacese. Evergreen 

 climbing subshrubs, ornamental greenhouse plants and 

 hardy outdoors in the South. 



Leaves narrow, entire or rarely sinuate: fls. nodding, 

 at the ends of the branches, in lax, few-fid, cymes or 

 rarely 1-fld., blue; sepals small, distinct, petals obovate, 

 spreading from the base; anthers connivent in a cone 

 around the ovary: ovary subsessile, perfectly 2-celled: 

 terry oblong, indehiscent. About 3 species, Austral. 

 Prop, by cuttings in sand under glass, or by seeds, 

 which germinate readily. 



heterophylla, Lindl. AUSTRALIAN BLUEBELL CREEPER. 

 Fig. 3641. Small shrub, 2-6 ft, high, with slender, 

 twining sts.: Ivs. variable, from lanceolate or oblong- 

 linear to ovate-lanceolate, or ovate-oblong, obtuse or 

 slightly acuminate, entire, 1-2 in. long, usually nar- 

 rowed into short petioles: cymes 4-8-12-fld., terminal 

 or If .-opposed: fls. bright blue, M-Jiin. long. July. 

 B.M. 3523. R.B. 21:253. B.R. 1466. Hardy and 

 much cult, in Cent. Calif, and a great favorite on 

 account of the brilliant blue of its fls. Especially valua- 

 ble for covering banks, rockwork, and low fences, pre- 

 ferring to scramble over other plants. Also grown as an 

 herbaceous border plant, being kept within bounds by 

 the shears. The roots are very attractive to the Cali- 

 fornia pocket-gopher, who plays sad havoc with it if 

 not watched. Sometimes seen in greenhouses. 



parvifldra, Turcz. Much more slender and twining 

 than S. heterophylla. usually loosely soft-hairy: Ivs. 

 lanceolate or oblong-linear, the larger about 1 in. long, 

 very short-pet ioled and thinner than the preceding: fls. 

 small, solitary, or 2-3 in a cyme; pedicels filiform: berry 

 :n. long, tapering at both ends. W. Austral. 



Drummondii, Morr. St. weak, flexuous-twining to 

 the left, prostrate, pubescent: Ivs. alternate, linear- 

 lanceolate, both ends acute, scarcely petioled, nerves 

 pilose: cymes 2-fld. or the fls. solitary, terminal; pedun- 

 cles rather glabrous: fl. nodding; sepals linear, villous. 



F. TRACT HUBBARD.! 



SOLOMON'S SEAL: Polygonatum. False S. S.: Smilacina. 



SONCHUS (the Greek name). Composite. Mostly 

 weedy plants, but some of the Canary Island species are 

 good foliage subjects. 



SONERILA 



3189 



Annual or perennial, usually more or less succulent, 

 sometimes frutescent, leafy-stemmed, mostly smooth 

 and glaucous, summer-flowering: Ivs. usually clasping 

 entire, toothed or runcinate-lobed or even pinnatifid 

 and laciniate, more or less prickly-margined: heads 

 homogamous and ligulate, yellow-fld., with more or 

 less imbricated involucral bracts, becoming thickened 

 or tumid at base, corymbose or paniculate: achenes 

 ribbed or costate, not beaked, with fine white pappus. 

 7-Species 40 or more, in the Old World, some of them 

 intro. in N. Amer. as weeds. 



Certain bold foliage plants of this genus are more or 

 less listed and mentioned abroad, the botanical identity 

 of which is to be determined. S. arbbreus laciniatus 

 described as a "magnificent foliage plant with laciniated 

 Ivs.," is probably a form of S. pinnatus, Ait., which 

 grows 3 ft. or so high, bearing glabrous pinnately 

 parted Ivs. with narrow entire or toothed lobes, native 

 of Madeira. What is mentioned abroad and also in 

 S. Calif, as S. Jdcquinii, is probably S. congestus, 

 Willd., described as a beautiful foliage plant with long 

 and broad crowded recurved oblanceolate more or less 

 pinnatifid Ivs. (1 ft. or less long and 2-3 in. broad) and 



showj' panicles of yellow 

 heads 2-3 in. across; 

 Canary Isls., where it is 

 known as pastor's lettuce 

 (lachuza de pastor), per- 

 haps in allusion to avail- 

 ability of the Ivs. for 

 salad. The Ivs. of other 

 species of Sonchus are 

 said sometimes to be 

 similarly used. The 

 names S. elegantissimus 

 and S. lacinidtus some- 

 times appear in horticul- 

 tural literature, repre- 

 senting ornamental 

 plants with much-di- 

 vided Ivs., the segms., 

 very narrow; they are 

 probably forms of 

 Canary or Madeira 

 species. L. H. B. A 



SONERILA (adapted 

 from a native name). 

 Syn., Cassebeeria. Melar- 



3641. Sollya heterophyfla. (XK) s^mAces. Herbs or small 



shrubs of various habit, 

 with ornamental foliage, suitable for the greenhouse. 



Leaves similar or dimorphous, often membranaceous, 

 entire or serrulate, 3-5-nerved: fls. in scorpioid racemes 

 or spikes, frequently rose, rather large or some small; 

 calyx glabrous or setose, tube turbinate, oblong or 

 campanulate, 3-lobed, the lobes short; petals 3, ovate, 

 obovate, or oblong; stamens 3 (rarely 6, the alternate 

 ones smaller) ; ovary adherent or almost so to the tube 

 of the calyx, 3-celled: caps, included in the turbinate, 

 cylindrical, ribbed or 3-angled tube of the calyx, 3- 

 valved. About 75 species, India and the Malay 

 Archipelago. This includes a number of dwarf tender 

 foliage plants which must be grown in the greenhouse 

 all the year round. The plants belong to the same cul- 

 tural group with Bertolonia, Gravesia, and Monolena, 

 and are distinguished by having their floral parts in 

 3's. The fls. are usually rose^colored, J^in. across or 

 less, and generally disposed in scorpioid racemes or 

 spikes. The species described here are all caulescent 

 plants with Ivs. distinctly petioled, those of each pair 

 being of equal size (except in <S. macuiata) : fls. 3-merous; 

 stamens 3, long-acuminate. 



It was long thought impossible to grow sonerila and 

 its allies outside of a bell-jar or Wardian case. Gar- 

 deners now dispense with the "double glass" and 



