3198 



SORBUS 



SORREL 



S. aperta, Koehne. Allied to S. Aucuparia. Tree, to 40 ft. : Ifts. 

 9-17, elliptic to elliptic-oblong, acute, serrate, glabrous, 1-2 in. 

 long: styles 5: fr. small, whitish. W. China. S. arbutifdlia, 

 Heynh.=Aronia arbutifolia. S. Chamxmespilus, Crantz (Pyrus 

 Chamsemespilus, Poll. P. alpina, Dur. Aria Chamsemespilus, Host.). 

 Upright shrub, 6 ft. high, allied to S. Aria. Lvs. elliptic to oblong, 

 serrate, almost glabrous, 1 14-2% in. long: fls. pinkish, with upright 



Eetals, in dense corymbs about 1M in. broad: fr. oval, orange to 

 rownish red. Cent, and S. Eu. H.W. 3, p. 84. Var. sudetica, 

 Wenzig. Lvs. whitish or grayish tomentose beneath. Mountains of 

 Cent. Eu. S. commtxta, Hedl. (S. Aucuparia var. japonica, Maxim. 

 S. japonica, Koehne, not Hedl.). Allied to S. americana. Small 

 tree: Ifts. 11-15, oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, long-acuminate, 

 glabrous, 2-3 in. long: infl. glabrous: fr. red, small. Japan. S.I.F. 

 2:31. S. Conradinse, Koehne. Allied to S. Aucuparia. Tree, to 25 

 ft.: stipules large, persistent; Ifts. 11-13, oblong to oblong-lanceo- 

 late, short-acuminate, serrate, tomentose beneath, 2-3 in. long: 

 styles usually 4: fr. globose, red, about Kin. across. W. China. S. 

 cuspidata, Hedl. (S. vestita, Schau. Pyrus vestita, Wall. Pyrus 

 crenata, Lindl., not Don. Cormus Janata, Koehne. S. nepalensis, 

 Hort.). Tree, allied to S. Aria:lvs. elliptic to elliptic-oblong, acumi- 

 nate, doubly serrate, densely tomentose beneath, 3-7 in. long: styles 

 usually 5, woolly at the base: fr. about J^in. across. Himalayas. 

 G.C. II. 1:17. B.M. 8259. S. Decaisnedna, Rehd. (Micromeles 

 Decaisneana, Schneid.). Tree, to 40 ft.: Ivs. elliptic-obovate, cre- 

 nate-serrulate, with 8-10 pairs of veins, nearly glabrous beneath, 

 2-3}^ in. long: infl. tomentose, 1 Yi in. across; styles usually 3, con- 

 nate below: fr. ovoid, red, J^in. across with deciduous calyx. Cent, 

 and W. China. S. discolor, Hedl. (Pyrus discolor, Maxim.). Doubt- 

 ful species allied to S. Aucuparia; possibly the same as S. pekinen- 

 sis. The plants in cult, as S. discolor probably do not belong here. 

 S. Esserteauiana, Koehne. Allied to S. Aucuparia. Tree, to 25 

 ft.: stipules large, persistent; Ifts. 11-13, oblong-lanceolate, subacu- 

 minate, serrate, whitish tomentose beneath, \Yr-^Yz in. long: infl. 

 tomentose, 4-6 in. across: fr. globose, scarlet, Km- across. W. 

 China. S. grdcilis, Koch (Pyrus gracilis, Sieb. & Zucc.). Shrub, 

 with pinnate Ivs., those at the base of the loose, few-fld. corymbs 

 with large, incised-dentate stipules: Ifts. 7-9, ovate to ovate-oblong, 

 1-1 M.in. long: styles 2. Cent, and S. Japan. S. Hdstii, Koch (Pyrus 

 Hostii, Hemsl. Aria Hostii, Jacq. f.). Supposed to be a hybrid 

 between S. Mougeotii and S. Chamsemespilus: shrub or small tree, 

 12 ft. high: Ivs. oval to elliptic-obovate, sharply serrate: fls. pinkish, 

 in dense corymbs about 2% in. broad: fr. globose, ovoid, red. 

 Mountains of Cent. Eu. Gn. 20:376. R.H. 1877:210. S. japonica, 

 Hedl. (Micromeles japonica, Koehne. S. Koehnei, Zabel). Allied 

 to S. alnifolia. Lvs. pubescent above, grayish tomentose beneath: 

 infl. denser with smaller fls.: fr. deeper scarlet, punctate. Japan. 

 S.I.F. 1:48. S. japdnica, Koehne=S. commixta. S. japonica, 

 Zabel=Eriobotrya japonica. S. Koehnei, Zabel (not to be con- 

 fused with S. Koehneana, Schneid., a species of the Aucuparia 

 group, not in cult.)=S. japonica. S. landta, Wenzig (Pyrus lan- 

 ata, Don). Tree, allied to S. Aria: Ivs. oval, sharply and doubly 

 serrate and slightly lobed, 4-7 in. long: styles 2-3, connate below, 

 woolly: fr. globose, Yt-\Yi in. across. Himalayas. S. Matsumu- 

 rana, Koehne (Pyrus Matsumurana, Makino). Allied to S. decora. 

 Shrub, glabrous: Ifts. 9-13, oblong-ovate to oblong, acute, serrate 

 above the middle, \Yz-2Yi in. long: stamens half as long as petals; 

 styles 5: fr. red, }^in., bloomy. Japan. S. megalocdrpa, Rehd. 

 Shrubby tree, to 25 ft.: Ivs. elliptic-obovate to obovate-oblong, 

 acuminate, crenate-serrate, glabrous, 5-10 in. long: infl. 4-6 in. 

 across; styles usually 3: fr. ifr-1 in. long, russet-brown. W. China. 

 S. meliosmifdlia, Rehd. Allied to S. alnifolia. Tree, to 30 ft. : Ivs. 

 short-petioled, ovate to elliptic-oblong, doubly serrate, with 18-24 

 pairs of veins, slightly pubescent beneath, 5-8 in. long: infl. 2-4 in. 

 across: fr. subglobqse, brownish red, y 2 in. long. W. China. S. 

 Mougeotii, Soyer-Willemet (Pyrus Mougeotii, Aschers. & Graebn.). 

 Allied to S. intermedia; often shrubby: Ivs. ovate to ovate-oblong, 

 lobed, short-acuminate, with 8-12 pairs of veins: fr. red, globose, 

 Y&n. across, edible. Mountains of Cent. Eu. H.W. 3, p. 83. S. 

 nepalensis, Hort.=S. cuspidata. S. occidentalis, Greene=S. 

 pumila. S. ochrocdrpa, Rehd. Allied to S. Aria. Lvs. generally 

 elliptic, doubly denticulate-serrate, grayish tomentose beneath, 2^ 

 in. long: infl. small, sessile, styles 2, connate at base: fr. pale, sub- 

 globose, J^in. across. W. China. S. pekinensis, Koehne. Allied 

 to S. americana. Tree, nearly glabrous: Ifts. 13-17, oblong, acute, 

 serrate, 1 Yy-2Yz\n. long: infl. 4-8 in. across; styles 3: fr. subglobose, 

 small, pinkish white or yellowish. N.China. Gt. 55:1551, fig. 7. 

 S. pohuashanensis, Hedl. Allied to S. Aucuparia. Tree: stipules 

 large, persistent; Ifts. 13-15, ovate-oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 

 whitish beneath, 1 Yy-2 in. long: infl. 4-5 in. across, tomentose: fr. 

 red, subglobose, J^in. across. N. China. S. pumila, Raf. (S. 

 sitchensis, Roem. S. occidentalis, Greene. S. sambucifolia var. 

 Grayi, Wenzig). Allied to S. decora. Shrub: Ifts. 7-11, oval to oval- 

 oblong, obtuse, serrate toward the apex, bluish green, 1-2 in. long- 

 "jfl- 1-3 m. across; styles 3-5: fr. subglobose, red. Alaska to N. 

 G.F. 10:85. S. sambucifolia, Roem. Allied to S. americana. 

 bnrub: Ifts. 9-11, ovate-oblong, acuminate, serrate, glabrous, green 

 on both sides, 2-3 in. long: infl. slightly villous: fr. subglobose, J4in. 

 across, yellowish red. N. E. Asia. Very rare in cult., usually S. 

 decora is cult, under this name. S. Sargentiana, Koehne. Allied to 

 fe Aucuparia. Tree, to 30 ft.: stipules large, persistent: Ifts. 9-11, 

 pblong : lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, villous beneath while young: 

 infl. 6 in. across; styles 3-5: fr. globose, Min. across, scarlet. W. 

 China. Not to be confused with S. Sargentii which see under No. 8. 

 b. scaldns, Koehne. Allied to S. Vilmorinii. Shrub, to 20 ft 

 stipules large, persistent; rachis slightly winged: Ifts. 25-27, linear- 

 oblong, dentate only at the apex, villous beneath, %-l % in. long: 

 infl. tomentose; styles 3-4: fr. globose, red, Kin. across. W. China 

 8. setschwanensis, Koehne. Allied to S. Vilmorinii. Shrub, to 15 

 ft : rachis slightly winged: Ifts. 25-35, narrow-oblong, serrulate, 

 glabrous, tt-Jgn. long: infl. glabrous, 1-2 Y 2 in. across; styles 2-4- 



fr. globose, }^in. across, whitish or pale purple. W. China. S. 

 sitchensis, Roem.=S. pumila. S. sudetica, Heynh.=S. Chamsemes- 

 pilus var. sudetica. S. wiguiculdta, Koehne. Allied to S. Vilmo- 

 rinii. Shrub, to 15 ft.: rachis narrowly winged: Ifts. 23-33, oval to 

 narrow-oblong, serrulate, villous on midrib beneath, K-/*in. long: 

 infl. 1-2 in. broad, slightly villous; claw or petals one-half as long as 

 blade: fr. globose, J^in. across, whitish or pale purple. W. China. 



S. vestita, Wall.= S. cuspidata. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



SORGHASTRUM (named for its resemblance to 

 sorghum, a name which has been applied to Holcus). 

 Gramineae. Grasses having the infl. as in Holcus but 

 the pedicellate spikelet wanting, the pedicel only 

 present. Species about 12, mostly American. 



nutans, Nash (Chrysopogon niitans, Benth. Andro- 

 pogon avenaceus, Michx.). INDIAN GRASS. In large 

 clumps, perennial, 3-5 ft. tall, bearing beautiful nar- 

 row panicles, 6-12 in. long, the copious golden hairs and 

 brilliant yellow anthers producing a charming effect 

 when in bloom, turning to a bronzy brown; culms sim- 

 ple, Ivs. pale. A native species occurring on dry soils 

 from the Atlantic to the Rocky Mts. Dept. Agric.. 

 Div. Agrost. 7:21. f. 15. 1897. Useful for the wild 

 border. One of the handsomest natives; very hardy 

 and worthy of greater use. A g HITCHCOCK. 



S6RGHUM: Holcus. 



SORINDEIA (said to be the native name in Mada- 

 gascar). Anacardiacese. Glabrous trees or shrubs, suita- 

 ble for the warmhouse and also grown outdoors in the 

 far South. 



Leaves alternate, odd-pinnate; the Ifts. entire: fls. 

 small, polygamous or dioecious, in many-fid, panicles 

 which are terminal, axillary, or from the old wood, 

 often lax and divaricate; calyx 4-5 (3) -toothed, cup- 

 shaped; petals as many as the calyx-teeth, valyate; 

 stamens in the male fl. 10-20, occupying a central disk or 

 as many or twice as many as the petals, inserted around 

 the disk; ovary in the female fl. sessile: fr. drupaceous. 

 About 15 species, Trop. Afr. and Madagascar. 



madagascariensis, DC. GRAPE MANGO. Tree, often 

 of large size, glabrous: Ivs. odd-pinnate, more or less 

 leathery; Ifts. 7-9-11, oblong or oblong-elliptical, the 

 terminal often obovate: panicles fascicled, lateral, or 

 from the old wood, often 1-2 ft. long, dependent in fr., 

 calyx broadly 5-toothed: fr. the size of a "sparrow's 

 egg," yellow, "sweet, with the taste of turpentine.'* 

 Madagascar, Trop. E. Afr., and Zanzibar. Cult, in 

 Trop. Asia and intro. into the southern U. S. 



F. TRACY HUBBARD. 



SORREL. Various species of Rumex (which see) 

 produce large thick acid leaves which are prized for 

 salads or for "greens." Leaves of some of the native or 

 naturalized species are gathered as pot-herbs in many 

 parts of the country. In the Old World, however, sev- 

 eral species are regularly cultivated in kitchen-gardens; 

 in this country these cultivated species are relatively 

 little known. They are perennials of the very easiest 

 culture. Usually they persist for a number of years 

 after well established, giving an abundance of soft edi- 

 ble leaves early in the spring when herbage is scarce. 

 They are usually grown from seeds, and plants fit for 

 cutting may be had when the plants are one or two 

 years old. Plants should be placed at one side of the 

 garden where they will not interfere with the regular 

 tillage. No special treatment is demanded. When 

 they begin to show signs of failing, new plants should be 

 started or the old ones may be taken up and divided. 

 The rows should stand about 18 inches apart. Do not 

 let the plants exhaust themselves by seed-bearing. The 

 spinach dock (Rumex Patientia) is one of the best and 

 earliest. The belleville (Rumex Acetosa) is also an excel- 

 lent plant for the home-garden and has the advantage 

 of following the other as a succession. Various other 

 species may be had of European seed-dealers. See 

 Dock and Rumex. L. H. B. 



