STEXOTAPHRUM 



STEPHAXOPHYSUM 



3237 



need as much water as Bermuda or St. Lucie grass. It 

 is propagated mostly by cuttings. (E. X. Reasoner.) 



secundatum, Kuntze (S. americanum, Schrank). ST. 

 ArcusxiNE GRASS. Fig. 3687. Flowering branches 

 erect, 6-^12 in. high. Var. variegatum, has Ivs. striped 

 with white, and is used as a basket-plant. G.W. 15 : 681 

 (as S. glabrum). Dept. Agric., Div. Agrost. 20:42. 



A. S. HITCHCOCK. 



STEPHANANDRA (Greek, Stephanos, crown, and 

 . andros, male stamen, alluding to the persistent 

 crown of stamens) . Rosaceze. Ornamental shrubs grown 

 chiefly for their handsome graceful foliage. 



Deciduous: Ivs. alternate, lobed and serrate, stipu- 

 late: fls. slender-pedicelled, small, with cup-shaped 

 calyx-tube: sepals and petals 5; stamens 10-20: carpel 

 1 ; pod with 1 or 2 shining seeds, dehiscent only at the 

 base. Four species in China and Japan. "Closely 

 allied to Xeillia and distinguished chiefly by the cup- 

 shaped calyx-tube and the incompletely dehiscent 

 1-2-seeded pod. 



The stephanandras in cultivation are low graceful 

 spreading shrubs with slender more or less zigzag 

 branches, bright green medium-sized or rather small 

 lobed leaves and small white flowers in loose terminal 

 panicles. They are hard}- as far north as Massachu- 

 setts, but S. inci-sa is sometimes killed back in severe 

 winters: it grows, however, freely from the base and is 

 not injured in its appearance except that it remains 

 rather low. They are well adapted for borders of 

 shrubberies or rocky banks on account of their graceful 

 habit and handsome foliage. Propagation is by green- 

 wood cuttings under glass, which root readily, and by 

 seeds: also by division, and S. incisa by rooVcuttings 

 with bottom heat in early spring. 



incisa, Zabel (S. flexubsa, Sieb. & Zucc.). Fig. 3688. 

 Shrub, to 8 ft. high, but usually lower, almost glabrous, 

 with angular spreading distinctly zigzag branches: Ivs. 

 triangular-ovate, cordate or truncate at the base, long- 

 acuminate, incisely lobed and serrate, the lower inci- 

 sions often almost to the midrib, pubescent only on 

 the veins beneath and grayish green, %-\Y2 in. long: 

 fls. white, about ^in. across, in terminal, short, 8-12- 

 fld.. usually panicled racemes; stamens 10. June. Ja- 

 pan. Korea. Gn. 55. p. 141. "Closely allied to Spiraea 

 and has the spirea style of beauty. It has long, slen- 

 der branches which are densely and regularly inter- 

 woven in a fan-like manner. Its habit of growth is 

 fountain-like, the branches being gracefully pendent. 

 Its fls. are snowy white and, although minute, are so 

 numerous that the plant becomes very showy. It is 

 especially fitted 

 for the back of her- 

 baceous borders 

 or for the front of 

 larger shrubs. Its 

 foliage, which is 

 deeply toothed, 

 is tinted red in 

 early spring and 

 deep glossy green 

 during spring and 

 summer. In the 

 autumn it puts on 

 unusual tints of 

 reddish purple. 

 The foliage be- 

 comes so dense 

 that the growth of 

 weeds beneath 

 its thickly set 

 branches is effect- 

 ually prevented. 

 Prop, by cuttings 

 and layers." 

 (J. W.Adams.) 3688. Stephanandra incisa. 



Tanakae, Franch. & Sav. (NAllia Tandka?, Franch. 

 & Sav.). Fig. 3689. Shrub, 5 ft. high, almost glabrous: 

 Ivs. triangular-ovate, slightly cordate at the base, 

 abruptly long-acuminate, usually 3-lobed and doubly 

 serrate or lobulate, pubescent only on the veins beneath, 

 in. long: fls. in terminal loose panicles, slender- 



~\ 



3689. Stephanandra Tanakse. (XH) 



pedicelled, J^in. across; stamens 15-20. June, July. 

 Japan. B.M. 7593. Gt, 45:1431. G.W. 4, p. 6. Hand- 

 some shrub much resembling neillia in foliage, coloring 

 in fall brilliant orange and scarlet or yellow. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



STEPHANIA (perhaps a personal name; or by some 

 derived from the Greek word for a garland or crown). 

 Menispermace&. More than 30 climbing shrubs (rarely 

 herbs) of the Old- World tropics, as defined by Diels ia 

 Engler's Das Pflanzenreich, hft. 46 (IV. 94), 1910, 

 differing from Cocculus in the solitary ovary, often more 

 than 3-merous fls., and a nearly basal rather than nearly 

 terminal style-scar: Ivs. usually peltate: fls. in axillary, 

 simple or compound clusters, diclinous; males with 

 6-10 free sepals, 3-5 fleshy petals, and 6 connate 

 anthers; females with 3-5 sep'als, petals like those of the 

 males, 1 ovary with 3-6-parted style: fr. a glabrous 

 drupe with ring-like seed. The species are little known 

 in cult., although the following may be expected in 

 southern regions or sometimes under glass as an orna- 

 mental climber. S. herandifolia, Walp., in India, 

 Austral., Afr., and Malaya, has striate glabrous 

 branches, and ovate or somewhat deltoid obtuse or 

 acute more or less pubescent Ivs. 3-6 in. across: fls in 

 capitate peduncled puberulent umbels of 8-12 rays: 

 drupes red. S. japonica, Miers (Cocculus japonicus, 

 DC.), a common roadside weed in parts of China and 

 Japan, has glabrous Ivs. and infl. ; probably not cult. 



STEPHANOPHtSUM (Greek, crown and bladder, 

 in reference to the shape of the crown). Acanthacex. 

 Herbs with more or less dentate or entire Ivs., the fls. in 

 lateral umbellate cymes : fls. red ; calyx 5-parted ; corolla- 

 tube short, the lobes erect or more or less spreading; 

 stamens 4, didynamous: caps, contracted from the base 

 to the middle. Trop. Amer. with the exception of the 

 below-mentioned. The genus is now included in Ruellia. 

 S. Baikiei, Hook. Subshrub, 2-3 ft. high, branches 4- 

 angled, opposite: Ivs. opposite, about 6 in. long inclu- 

 ding the petiole, ovate-lanceolate, entire, acuminate, 

 attenuate at base: panicle terminal, many-fld.: fls. 



