3242 



STIGMAPHYLLON 



STIPA 



STIGMAPHYLLON (Greek, stigma and kaf; refer- 

 ring to the leaf -like appendages of the stigmas). Some- 

 times written Stigmaphyllum. Malpighiaceae. Woody 

 vines, grown in the warmhouse and also out-of-doors in 

 the extreme South. 



Leaves usually opposite, entire or denticulate, rarely 

 lobed; petiole with 2 glands; stipules minute: fls. yellow, 

 in umbel-like corymbs which are peduncled and axil- 

 lary; calyx 5-parted, 8-glandular; petals clawed, une- 

 qual, glabrous, stamens 10, unequal, 6 perfect, 4 without 

 anthers or deformed; ovary 3-celled, 3-lobed, dorsal 

 lobe gibbous: samarse 1-3, extended above into a 

 wing. About 55 species, Trop. Amer. 



ciliatum, A. Juss. A tender woody twining vine: Ivs. 

 evergreen, smooth, opposite, cordate, ciliate: fls. bright 

 yellow, large, in peduncled axillary clusters of 3-6. 

 P.M. 15:77. Gn. 33:170. Apparently the only spe- 

 cies in the trade 

 and possibly the 

 handsomest of the 

 genus. G. W. Oliver 

 says that S. ciliatum 

 is one of the best 

 medium -sized vines 

 for outdoor trellis- 

 work. For pot cul- 

 ture it is of little 

 service and thrives in 

 the greenhouse only 

 when planted out. 

 Sept. is the best 

 month for prop. On 

 outdoor plants much 

 of the wood is use- 

 less for this purpose, 

 being thin and soft. 

 Choose the wood 

 made early in the sea- 

 son; a heel or joint 

 is not necessary; root 

 in bottom heat and 

 carry through the 

 winter in the green- 

 house as small plants. 

 It is said that in S. 

 Calif, it must have 

 shade, protection 

 from dry or hot winds, 

 and an open soil. 

 Under the right con- 

 ditions it flowers ad- 

 mirably. 



littorale, A. Juss. 

 A tall leafy climber: 

 Ivs. opposite and 

 alternate, long-peti- 

 oled, 2-5 in. long, varying in shape: fls. yellow, in 

 profusion, borne on pedicels H-1H in. long; peduncles 

 axillary, solitary ; corymbs terminal, simple or compound ; 

 corolla 1 in. diam. Autumn. Argentina. B.M. 6623. 



F. TRACY HuBBARD.f 



STILLINGIA (for Dr. Benj. Stillingfleet, an Eng- 

 lish botanist of the eighteenth century). EuphorM- 

 aceae. Shrubs or herbs, chiefly of the American tropics, 

 one rarely cultivated and used in medicine. 



Glabrous, juice milky: Ivs. alternate, simple, short- 

 petioled to sessile, the petiole and bracts biglandulose : 

 fls. in terminal spikes, monoecious, apetalous, the 

 staminate above with the 2-3-lobed calyx imbricate, 

 stamens 2-3, filaments free; the pistillate few, at the 

 base of the spike; ovary 2-3-celled, 1 ovule in each 

 cell: base of the caps, persistent as a 3-pointed piece; 

 seeds usually carimculate. About 25 species. Related 

 to Sapium and Hura. The root of S. sylvatica is used 

 in medicine. The plant is occasionally grown and will 



3695. Stipa elegantissima. ( X Js) 



stand temperatures at least to 10 F. It is readily 

 grown from seeds but is not easily transplanted. 



sylvatica, Linn. QUEEN'S DELIGHT. QUEEN' s-RooT. 

 YAW- ROOT. Root perennial, woody: sts. clustered, 

 herbaceous, 1-3 ft. high, with an umbel-like top: Ivs. 

 lanceolate to oval or oblong, glandular, crenulate to 

 obtusely serrate, acute or obtuse: spikes 2-3 in. long: 

 fls. small, yellow. Spring to fall. Va. to Texas. 



S. scM/erum=Sapium sebiferum. j g g N ORTON> 



STIPA (Greek, stipe, tow, in allusion to the plumose 

 awns of some of the species). Graminese. Perennial 

 grasses with narrow involute Ivs. and usually loose 

 panicles : spikelets 1-fld.; glumes membranaceous, longer 

 than the indurated lemma; lemma with a sharp hairy 

 callus below and a stout persistent twisted awn above, 

 falling from the glumes at maturity. A large genus of 

 about 100 species, throughout the world except 

 the colder parts. Particularly characteristic of 

 the plains, savannas, and steppes. The long- 

 awned, sharp-pointed frs. of some species are 

 troublesome or even 

 dangerous to stock, 

 especially sheep, on 

 account of their 

 tendency to work 

 through the skin and 

 into the vital organs. 

 The species here 

 mentioned are cult. 

 for ornament, includ- 

 ing the making of dry 

 bouquets. 



A. Awns and pedicels 



not plumose. 



B. Fr. or mature 



lemma, excluding 

 the long awn, ]/z-l 

 in. long. 



capillata, Linn. 

 Similar to S. spartea: 

 fls. more numerous 

 but smaller in every 

 way; lemma about 

 J^in. long; lower part 

 of awn only minutely 

 pubescent, the upper 

 or bent portion sinu- 

 ous. Plains, Eu. 



spartea, Trin. 

 PORCUPINE -GRASS. 

 Culms 2-3 ft., in 

 bunches : panicles 

 contracted ; glumes 

 broad, nerved, about 

 \Y-i in., tapering to a slender point; lemma nearly 

 1 in. ; awn usually about 6 in. long, the lower half erect, 

 pubescent but not plumose, strongly twisted, the upper 

 half bent to one side, rough. 111. to Calif. Dept. Agric., 

 Div. Agrost. 20:62. 



BB. Fr. or mature lemma, excluding the short awn, less 

 than %in. long. 



arundinacea, Benth. (Apera arundinacea, Hook.). 

 Culms 2-5 ft.: panicles open, large, nodding; spikelets 

 minute, 1 Yi lines long, the awn about H m - long. New 

 Zeal. Hook. Fl. New Zeal., pi. 67. Exaggerated figure 

 shown in G.C. III. 22:283. 



splendens, Trin. (Lasiagrdstis splendens, Kunth). 

 Culms 3-6 ft.: panicles rather dense, about 1 ft. long, 

 nodding; spikelets numerous, small, the glumes less 

 than J^in., pearly and shining, tinged with purple at 

 the base; lemma ^jin., villous, the awn J^-^in. Steppes 

 of W. Asia. 



3696. Stipa pennata. 



