STROMAXTHE 



STROPHOLIRION 



3277 



STROMANTHE (Greek, couch and flower; said to 

 allude to the form of inflorescence). Marantaceae. Per- 

 ennial herbs grown in the warmhouse for the foliage. 



Steins leafy, erect, from a thick horizontal rhizome, 

 somewhat branched, the base covered by the long If .- 

 sheaths: Ivs. short-petioled : infl. rather lax, terminal on 

 a long peduncle, more or less compound, rarely narrow, 

 almost raceme-like, frequently all colored blood-red; 

 bracts and bractlets spathe-like, colored; sepals 3, free, 

 oval-oblong; petals 3, slightly narrower than the sepals; 

 ovary 1 -celled, 1-ovuled: fr. subglobose. About 12 

 species. S. Amer. (Schumann, in Engler's Das Pflanzen- 

 reich, hft. 11. IV. 48). Closely allied to Calathea, 

 Maranta. Phrynium and Thalia. It agrees with Ma- 

 ranta and Thalia in having a 1-loculed caps., and 

 thereby differs from Calathea and Phrynium, which 

 have 3 locules. From Maranta it differs in having a 

 very short perianth-tube and the segms. not standing 

 opposite each other. From Thalia it differs, as does 

 Maranta. in having 2 side staminodia rather than 1. 

 For cult., see remarks under Calathea. 



Porteana, Griseb. (Maranta Porteana, Koern.). Two 

 to 4 ft. high, with maranta-like Ivs., the blades long- 

 elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, varying from acuminate to 

 almost obtuse, purple beneath, bright green above with 

 transverse stripes or bars of silvery white : fls. solitary or 

 twin on the rachis, blood-red, the infl. simple or com- 

 pound. Brazil. Lowe 26. 



sanguinea, Sender (Thalia sanguinea, Lem.). Lf.- 

 blades about 1 ft. long, oblong-acuminate, purple be- 

 neath and green above: scape 12-20 in. tall, red toward 

 the top. bearing a panicle of bright red and red-bracted 

 fls. Probably Brazilian. B.M. 4646 (as Phrynium). 

 F.S. 8:785. "J.F. 3:268; 4:401. An old garden plant. 

 Thrives in an intermediate house and attains a height of 

 5 ft. when planted in a border. Var. spectabilis, Eichler 

 (S. spectabilis, Lem. Maranta spectdbtiis, Koern.). Lvs. 

 particolored with green beneath. L jj B. 



STRONGYLODON (Greek, round and tooth; the 

 lobes of the calyx are rounded). Leguminbsae. Glabrous 

 twining shrubs or subshrubs: Ivs. pinna tely 3-foliate, 

 stipelled; stipules small: fls. red, showy, fasciculately 

 racemose on elongated, axillary peduncles; calyx-teeth 

 broad, obtuse: standard ovate-oblong, acute, recurved, 

 finally reflexed, 2-appendaged inside above the claw; 

 wings shorter than the standard and adherent to the 

 keel which is beaked, strongly incurved, equaling the 

 standard and connate with the petals; stamens free 

 from the standard; ovary stipitate, 1- or few-ovuled: 

 legume stipitate, obliquely ovate-oblong, 2-valved. 

 About 20 species, Madagascar, Ceylon, to X. Austral, 

 and the Pacific islands. May be planted far S. 



pseudolucidus, Craib. Climbing shrub: Ivs. 3-foliate, 

 nearly 5 in. long; Ifts. more or less ovate, 3J^>x2-2J4 

 in.: racemes axillary, up to 3 in. long: fls. bright red, 

 about 1 in. long. Madagascar, Ceylon, N. Austral. 

 B.M. 8494. 



STROPHANTHUS (Greek, tunsted cord and flower, 

 alluding to the corolla-segms.). Incl. Roupellia. 

 Apocynaces. Shrubs, often scandent, glabrous or more 

 or less hairy, with persistent or deciduous foliage, suita- 

 ble for the warmhouse : Ivs. opposite, rarely ternate : infl. 

 terminal, often at the ends of short branches, corymbose, 

 many- or few-fid, or reduced to solitary fls. : fls. mostly 

 showy; sepals 5, imbricate, sometimes foliaceous; corolla 

 funnelform or campanulate. tube cylindrical, long or 

 short, mouth with paired appendages alternating with 

 the lobes which are 5. acuminate and produced into very 

 long filiform tails; disk none: mericarps 2, follicular, 

 oblong or fusiform, divaricate. About 40 species, Trop. 

 and S. Afr. and Trop. Asia. 



S. dichotomy, DC. Erect shrub with stout branches: Ivs. ellip- 

 tic-oblong or obovate, 3-5 Yi x 2-3 in., obtuse, acute or apiculate, 

 rather coriaceous: cymes much shorter than the Ivs., dichotomous. 



few-fid.: sepals subulate from an ovate base; corolla-tube and 

 throat Ji~l m - long, whitish tails 5-7 in. long, purple: follicles very 

 large, 8 x 2 in., divergent. India, Malaya, and Java. H.U. 2, p. 225. 

 S. grandifldrug, Stapf (S. Petersianus var. grandiflorus, N. E. 

 Br.). Dense shrub, 5-6 ft. high, with long, slender, reddish brown 

 branches: Ivs. ovate to elliptic-oblong, shortly acuminate, 2-3 x 

 Ji-1 in., membranous: cymes terminal on leafy branches, usually 

 reduced to a single fl.: sepals oblong to lanceolate-oblong, erect: 

 corolla wide, purplish without, milk-white or creamy within, the 

 lobes ovate, produced to filiform tails about 6 in. long. Trop. and S. 

 Afr. B.M. 7390. S. gratws, Franch. (Roupellia grata, Wall. & 

 Hook.). Small glabrous tree or shrub: Ivs. oblong, short-acuminate, 

 base obtuse or subacute, leathery: cymes terminal, sessile, few- to 

 12-fld. : fls. white or tinged with pink, large; sepals broad, oblong or 

 obovate; corolla-tube l^ in., long, lobes broad, obovate, V^-\ in- 

 long; ovary glabrous: follicles obtusely acuminate. Trop. Afr. 

 B.M. 4466. G.C. III. 28:151. J.F. 1:16. S. Ledienii, Stein. 

 Shrub, with softly and sparingly pubescent branches, brown when 

 young: Ivs. obovate, abruptly cuspidate, cuneate at the base: 

 cymes sessile, terminal, 3 7-fld.: sepals linear from an elliptic base, 

 acute; corolla-tube pale yellow, the lobes deep yellow, ovate, 6_-8 

 in. long, including tie tails: follicles slender, brown, mottled with 

 yellow, coriaceous. Trop. Afr. Gt. 36: 1241. S. Preiussii, Engl. & 

 Pax. Rambling or climbing shrub, up to 12 ft. high: branches gla- 

 brous, brown or red-brown: Ivs. elliptic or oblong to obovate or 

 ovate, abruptly acuminate, 2-5 x 1 Ji-2 in. : cymes terminal, corym- 

 bose, many-fld.: sepals linear-oblong or linear; corolla cream- 

 colored to orange with purple spots and streaks in the throat and 

 purple tails, the lobes ovate, suddenly constricted and produced 

 into tails 1 ft. long. Trop. Afr. B.M. 8250. S. specidsus, Reber 

 (S. capensis, A. DC.). Glabrous, rambling shrub: branches trailing 

 on other shrubs, sometimes running high up, olive-green: Ivs. in 

 whorls of 3-4, rarely the uppermost opposite, oblong-lanceolate to 

 lanceolate, acute, rarely acuminate, 1M-3H* H~l in-, leathery: 

 cymes terminal or pseudo-axillary, corymbiform, few- to 12-fld.: 

 sepals lanceolate to linear, sometimes recurved; corolla cream-col- 

 ored to yellow or orange spotted with red, the lobes attenuate from a 

 somewhat broader base into linear spreading tails about 1-1 H in. 

 long: follicles very slender, lanceolate, about 6 in. long. S. Afr. 



F. TRACT HUBBARD. 



STROPHOLIRIpN (Greek for twisted rope and lily, 

 referring to the twining stem). LUiacex. Herbaceous, 

 with a conned base, used for outdoor planting: Ivs. few, 

 radical: scape simple, leafless, often twining several feet 

 fls. rose, numerous in a terminal umbel; perianth urn- 

 shaped, 6-lobed; stamens 3; ovary sessile, ovoid, 3- 



3740. Stropholirion calif ornicum. ( X Js) 



