SYMPHORICARPOS 



SYMPHORICARPOS 



3293 



The snowberries are low or medium-sized shrubs with 

 slender upright or decumbent stems, spreading more or 

 less bv suckers, with small generally oval or ovate 

 leaves and small clustered, rarely solitary, white or 

 pink flowers followed by attractive usually white, rarely 

 pink, dark red or bluish black berries. The flowers are 

 rather insignificant in most species except in S. oreo- 

 philus, S. microphyUus and allied species which bear 

 larger tubular nodding flowers aad are rather attractive 

 when in bloom. The chief ornamental feature is the 

 fruits which are usually white and retained far into the 

 winter; among the handsomest are S. albus yar. laevi- 

 gatus with heavy clusters of snowy white fruits at the 

 tips of the arching branches, and S. orbiculatus with dark 

 red fruits densely clustered along the slender branches 

 and remaining plump and fresh far into the winter, its 

 foliage also remaining unchanged until severe frost sets 

 in. Some species, as S. albus, S. orbiculatus, and S. occi- 

 dentalis, are quite hardy North, while S. mollis, S. 

 rotundifolius, and S. oreophilus are hardy as far north 

 as Massachusetts; S. microphyUus is tender. They are 



3752. Symphoricarpos occidentalis. ( X H) 



excellent plants for borders of shrubberies and for cov- 

 ering the ground under trees, spreading more or less by 

 suckers; they will thrive in almost any soil from heavy 

 clay to dry gravelly banks. Propagation is readily 

 effected by hardwood and by greenwood cuttings, by 

 division, and also by seeds. 



IXDEX. 



acutus, 4. mollis, 4, and suppL pauciflorus, 3. 



albus, 3. montanus, 7. racemosus, 3. 



aureo-reticulatus, 1. occidentalis, 2. rotundifolius, 5. 



glomerata, 1. orbiculatus, 1. Symphoricarpos, 1. 



Heyeri, 2. oreophilus, 6. variegatus, 1. 



laevigatus, 3. ovatus, 3. rulgaris, 1. 



microphyllus, 7. parciflarus, 1. 



A. Fr. red: fls. campamdate. 



1. orbiculatus, Moench (S. vulgaris, Michx. S. 

 parviflorus, Desf. S. Symphoricarpos, MacMillan. 

 Symphbria conglomerdta, Pers. S. glomerata, Pursh). 

 INDIAN CCRRANT. CORAL BERRY. Shrub, 2-5 ft., with 

 slender upright branches: Ivs. oval or ovate, mostly 

 obtuse, usually pubescent beneath, %-l% in. long: fls. 

 in dense and short axillary and terminal clusters or 

 spikes; corolla campanula te, Min. long; stamens and 

 the hairy style included: fr. purplish red, subglpbose, 

 K~/4in. across. July: fr. in Oct., Nov., long persistent. 

 N. J. to Ga., Kans., and Texas, west to S. D.; some- 

 times escaped. Mn. 1, p. 84. Gn. 34, p. 280. G.C. III. 

 28:413. Var. variegatus, Schneid. (var. aureo-reticu- 

 latus, Zabel). Variegated with yellow. One of the 

 most desirable species on account of the long-persisting 

 fr. and foliage. 



AA. Fr. white or pinkish. 



B. Fls. campanulate. 

 c. Style and stamens exserted. 



2. occidentalis, Hook. WOLFBERRY. Fig. 3752. 

 Shrub with upright rather stiff branches, 1 1 ft. : Ivs. 

 oval or ovate, entire or undulate-crenate, thickish, 

 grayish green and pubescent beneath, 1-3 in. long: fls. 

 in axillary clusters or spikes J^-l in. long; corolla cam- 

 panulate, pubescent inside, pinkish white, ^in. long: 

 fr. subglobose, white, about ^m. long. June, July; fr. 

 Sept. 111. and Mich, to Brit. Col. south to Colo, and 

 Kans. G.F. 3:297 (adapted in Fig. 3752). G.C. III. 

 49:104. Gn. 75, p. 508. S. Heyeri, Dipp. (S. occiden- 

 talis var. Heyeri, Dieck), is very similar and differs 

 chiefly in the thinner Ivs. less distinctly veined beneath 

 and more often undulate-dentate and in the somewhat 

 shorter stamens and style; it is possibly a hybrid 

 between this and the following species, found in Colo. 



cc. Style and stamens included. 



3. albus, Blake (S. racembsus, Michx. Vaccinium 

 album, Linn.). SNOWBERRY. WAXBERRY. Shrub with 

 upright slender branches, 1-3 ft. high: Ivs. oval to 

 elliptic-oblong, obtuse, pubescent beneath, on shoots 

 often sinuately lobed, 1-2 in. long: fls. hi terminal 

 spikes or axillary clusters; corolla campanulate, pink- 

 ish, about J^in. long: fr. globose or ovoid, snow-white, 

 *4-l4va.. long. June-Sept.; fr. Sept.-Oct. Nova 

 Scotia to Alaska south to Pa., Idaho, and Calif. Var. 

 laevigatus, Blake (S. racembsus var. laevigatus, Fern.). 

 Taller, to 6 ft., with glabrous usually larger Ivs. and 

 larger clusters of frs. Que. to Wash., south to Va., often 

 escaped. L.B.C. 3:230. B.M. 2211. G.W. 8:115. 

 Gn. 77, p. 527. C.L.A. 15:33. G. 29:169; 35:769 and 

 G.M. 56:763 (as S. mollis}. Var. ovatus, Rehd. (S. 

 ovatus, Spaeth). A form of the preceding with broadly 

 ovate, bluish green Ivs. mostly about 2 in. long and 1% 

 in. broad, rounded or nearly truncate at the base. The 

 snowbeny generally cult, as S. racemosus is the var. 

 laevigat usj while typical S. albus is sometimes grown as 

 var. pauciflorus, but the true var. pauciflorus, Blake, is a 

 low shrub with smaller Ivs. with grayish white pubes- 

 cence beneath and only 1-3 fls. at the end of the branch- 

 lets; it is found from Lake Superior to Alberta and south 

 to Colo, and Ore., and is apparently not in cult. 



4. acutus, Dipp. (S. mollis var. acutus, Gray). Low 

 diffuse or procumbent shrub: branchlets velutinous or 

 puberulous: Ivs. elliptic to elliptic-oblong, acute at 

 both ends, soft-pubescent, grayish or whitish beneath, 

 often irregularly dentate, Yf-\ in. long: fls. in terminal 

 few-fld. clusters and solitary or in 2's in the axils below; 

 corolla pinkish or white, about J^in. long: fr. subglobose, 

 white, J4-^in. long. June, July; fr. Aug., Sept. Wash, 

 to Calif, west to Idaho, Colo., and N. Mex. 



BB. Fls. tubular or funnelform; style and stamens 

 included. 



c. Anthers reaching about the middle of the corotta-lobes. 



5. rotundifdlius, Gray. Upright shrub, to 3 ft.: Ivs. 

 orbicular to elliptic, entire or lobed, usually puberulous 

 above, grayish and pubescent beneath, J^-l in. long: fls. 

 in 2-5-fld. terminal clusters and axillary; corolla pink- 

 ish, J4-M m - long, the tube pubescent within: fr. white, 

 subglobose. June, July. Wash, to Calif, and N. Mex. 



6. oreo'philus, Gray. Upright shrub, to 4 ft., with 

 slender spreading branches: Ivs. oval to elliptic, usually 

 acutish, slightly puberulous above, grayish or whitish 



Subescent beneath, ^z-1 in. long: fls. in terminal 2-5- 

 d. clusters and axillary; corolla pinkish, nearly J^in. 

 long, the tube almost glabrous within: fr. white, ovoid. 

 June, July. Ore. to Calif, and Ariz. I.T. 3:98. 



cc. Anthers as long as corotta-lobes. 



7. microphyllus, Kunth (S. monidnus, Kunth). 

 Upright shrub, to 3 ft. : branchlets glabrous or puberu- 



