3328 



THALICTRUM 



THEA 



sepals and filaments: achene ovoid, with 6-8 prominent 

 ribs. N. J. to N. D. and Sask. and far southward. An 

 attractive plant. 



17. venul&sum, Trel. (T. confine, Fern.). St. simple, 

 erect, 10-20 in. high, glabrous, glaucous, bearing 2-3 

 long-petioled Ivs. above the base: Ivs. 3-4 times 

 3-parted; Ifts. short-stalked, rather firm, rounded and 

 lobed at the apex, veiny beneath : fls. in a simple panicle, 

 dioecious, small; sepals ovate; stamens 10-20, on slen- 

 der filaments; anthers oblong, slender-pointed: achenes 

 nearly sessile, 2 lines long, ovoid tapering to a straight 

 beak, thick-walled and 2yedged. S. D. westward and 

 southward in the mountains. 



18. dioicum, Linn. Rather slender, 1-2 ft. high, gla- 

 brous: Ivs. 3-4 times 3-parted; Ifts. thin, orbicular, 

 several-lobed or revolute, bases variable: fls. in a loose, 

 leafy panicle with slender pedicels, dioecious; stamens 

 much longer than the greenish sepals; anthers linear, 

 obtuse, exceeding their filaments in length: achenes 

 ovoid, nearly or quite sessile, longer than their styles, 

 with about 10 longitudinal grooves. Early spring. 

 Woods, Lab. to Ala., west to Mo. 



For T. anemonoides, see Syndesmon. T. orientate, Boiss. Low 

 perennial, st. J^ft. high, flexuose, plant surculose (emitting run- 

 ners): Ivs. triternate; segms. roundish, very obtuse, somewhat 

 3-lobed: panicle few-fld.; sepals petal-like and persistent, obovate, 

 white, surpassing the stamens; filaments linear: carpels 3-6, linear- 

 oblong, deeply striate, Jijn. long. Asia Minor. Fls. like those of 

 Syndesmon. The plant listed under this name is said to grow 3 

 ft. high and to have elegant much-divided fern-like glaucous-green 

 Ivs. and branching clusters of white fls. T. paniculatum, Hort., is 

 described as a dwarf (1 ft.) with yellow fls. ' It probably is not T. 

 paniculatum, Bess. T. paniculatum,, Bess., differs from T. minus 

 in the Ifts. being trifid from the ovate base, in the very open pan- 

 icle and the reddish If.-segms. : habitat doubtful. T. prxstans, Hort., 

 listed abroad, is said to be a graceful plant 4-5 ft. high, with yellow 

 and mauve fls. T. sulfureum, Hort., is a hybrid. 



K. C. DAVIS. 



L. H. B.f 



THAMNOPTERIS (Greek, bushy fern}. Poly- 

 podiaceae. A generic name for a small group of simple- 

 leaved ferns which cannot properly be separated from 

 Asplenium, to which they are here referred (page 414). 

 One species (and a probable variety) is all that is in 

 common cultivation, viz., A. Nidus, the bird's-nest fern. 

 Some authors name it under Neottopteris (which see). 



THASPIUM (name modified from Thapsia, another 

 genus of the same family). Umbelliferas. MEADOW 

 PARSNIP. Glabrous hardy perennials: Ivs. ternately 

 divided: umbels terminal, composite; involucre none: 

 fls. yellowish or purple, polygamous; calyx-teeth con- 

 spicuous, deciduous; petals acuminate; disk spread out: 

 fr. ovate or ovate-oblong. About 3 species, N. Amer. 

 T. aftreum, Nutt. St. branched, \ 1 A ft. high: root-lvs. 

 mostly cordate; st.-lvs. ternate; Ifts. ovate to lanceolate, 

 serrate: fls. yellow. June, July. Var. trifoliatum, Coult. 

 & Rose, with crenate Ivs. or Ifts., is a common western 

 form. Var. atropurpilreum, Coult. & Rose, fls. dark 

 purple. The species is of easy cult, in any ordinary soil. 

 In the wild state the plant grows in at least partial 

 shade. Well-grown plants, especially of var. atropur- 

 pureum, make attractive specimens, p ^y BARCLAY. 



THEA (the latinized Chinese name of the tea plant). 

 Ternstroemiacese. TEA. Woody plants ; one species grown 

 for its leaves which yield the tea, the others grown for 

 their handsome flowers and foliage. 



Evergreen shrubs or small trees: Ivs. alternate, short- 

 petioled, serrate: fls. axillary or sometimes terminal, 

 usually solitary, stalked, nodding; sepals 5-7, persist- 

 ent; petals 5-7, rarely 9, stamens numerous, more or 

 less connate below; ovary 3-5-celled; styles 3-5, fili- 

 form, connate below: fr. a dehiscent caps, with 1 large 

 globose or ovoid seed in each cell. About 14 species 

 in Trop. and Subtrop. Asia. Camellia, differing in its 

 sessile upright fls. with many deciduous sepals, is often 

 united with Thea, but from a horticultural point of 

 view it seems desirable to keep the two separate. 



The most important member of the genus is T. 

 sinensis, cultivated in nearly all subtropical countries 

 and in the mountainous regions of the tropics for its 

 leaves which yield the well-known tea and are an arti- 

 cle of great commercial importance. The other mem- 

 bers of the genus are ornamental shrubs occasionally 

 grown for their handsome white or pink flowers and 

 the attractive evergreen foliage. They are but little 



3791. Thea sinensis. Tea plant. 



known in this country and require about the same 

 treatment as camellia, which see for culture and 

 propagation. 



sinensis, Linn. (Camellia Thea, Link. Camellia the~ 

 Ifera, Griff.). TEA. Fig. 3791. Shrub, sometimes tree, 

 to 30 ft.: Ivs. elliptic-lanceolate or obqvate-lanceolate, 

 acuminate, serrate, glabrous, sometimes pubescent 

 beneath, 2-5 in. long: fl. white, fragrant, 1-1 % in. 

 broad; petals usually 5. China, India. Several varie- 

 ties have been distinguished, of which the following are 

 the most important: Var. Bohea, Pierre (T. Bohea, 

 Linn.). Lvs. elliptic-oblong, obtuse, flat, dark green, 

 to 3 in. long: fls. usually solitary; sepals pubescent 

 inside or glabrous, ciliate, petals 5-6; styles connate 

 below: branches erect. B.M. 998. L.B.C. 3:226. Var. 

 viridis, Pierre (T. viridis, Linn.). Lvs. oblong-lanceo- 

 late, acutish, often concave, light green, to 5 in. long: 

 fls. 1-4; sepals pubescent, ciliate; petals 5-9; styles 

 free: branches spreading. B.M. 3148. L.B.C. 3:227; 

 19:1828. Var. cantoniensis, Pierre (T. cantoniensis, 

 Lour.). Lvs. oblong-lanceolate: fls. usually terminal, 

 solitary; sepals pubescent inside; petals 7-9; styles 

 free only near the apex. Var. assamica, Pierre (T. 

 assdmica, Mast.). Lvs. oblong-lanceolate, acuminate: 

 fls. 1-4; sepals glabrous inside; petals 7-9; styles free 

 only at the apex. The black tea, however, and green 

 tea of commerce are not derived from certain varieties, 

 but are the result of different treatment of the Ivs. after 

 gathering. For the cult, of tea in N. Amer., see Vol. II, 

 Cyclo. of Amer. Agric. 



T. cuspidata, Kochs (Camellia cuspidata, Hort.). Shrub, to 6 ft. : 

 Ivs. elliptic to lanceolate, thick, long-acuminate, indistinctly dentic- 

 ulate, glabrous, 2-3 in. long: fls. solitary, white, 1}^ in. across.; 

 petals 6; ovary glabrous. China. G.C. III. 51 : 261. J.H.S. 38, p. 62, 

 fig. 38. T. druplfera, Pierre=Camellia drupifera. T. euryoides, 

 Booth (Camellia euryoides, Lindl.). Shrub, to 4 ft.: Ivs. ovate- 

 lanceolate, silky beneath: fls. white, nodding, axillary, rather small. 

 B.R. 983. L.B.C. 15:1493. T. hongkongensis, Pierre=Camelha 

 hongkongensis. T. malifldra, Seem. (Camellia rosseflora, Hook.). 

 Shrub: young branchlets pubescent: Ivs. ovate, acuminate, 2-3 in. 

 long: fls. pink; petals, 5, obcordate; ovary glabrous. China. B.M. 

 5044 Var. plena (Camellia maliflora, Lindl.). Fls. double, pink. 



