3360 



TORENIA 



TOURNEFORTIA 



tube red-purple above, yellow beneath; corolla-limb 

 bright golden yellow with a purple eye. India and E. 

 Asia. B.M. 6700. F. 1883, p. 55. 



AA. Fls. mainly blue or white. 

 B. Lvs. cordate-lanceolate. 



Fournieri, Lind. (T. edentula, Hort., not Benth.). 

 Low, bushy, usually annual, becoming nearly 1 ft. high: 

 st. 4-angled: Ivs. petioled, cordate-lanceolate, 1-1 % in. 

 long, crenate-serrate ; petiole J^in. long: corolla-tube 

 narrow, yellow; corolla-limb 2-lipped, the posterior lip 

 not cut, pale blue, the anterior 3-lobed; lobes round- 

 obtuse, dark purplish blue, the anterior lobe marked 

 with a yellow blotch. I.H. 23:249. R.H. 1876, p. 465. 

 B.M. 6747. G. 1:58. Var. alba, Hort. (var. White 

 Wings), has pure white fls. A.F. 5:401. G.M. 36:87. 

 Var. compacta, Hort., is a more compact form than the 

 type and rather larger-fld. G.W. 10, p. 610. Var. 

 grandifldra, Hort., has somewhat larger fls. and is more 

 free-flowering. Var. speciosa, Hort., is a showy form 

 offered in the trade, probably very similar to var. 

 grandiflora. 



BB. Lvs. ovate or deltoid-ovate. 



asiatica, Linn. Fig. 3824. Annual, erect or diffuse: st. 

 quadrangular: Ivs. ovate or ovate-lanceolate, long- 

 acuminate, serrate, obtuse, not cordate at the base, 

 rough to the touch: peduncles axillary, single-fld.; 

 corolla large; tube dark purple; limb 4-lobed, of a 

 delicate pale purple-blue, with a dark blotch on 3 of the 

 lobes, without a yellow eye; stamens 4, the 2 longer 

 with a subulate spur. India. B.M. 4249. Var. pul- 

 cherrima, Hort., has larger, dark violet-blue fls. with a 

 white spot on the upper lip. G.Z. 4:96. 



atropurpurea, Ridley. Lvs. ovate or ovate-deltoid, 

 %-!}/ x ^j-%in., short-petioled, serrate: fls. usually 

 solitary on peduncles at the ends of the branches; calyx 

 narrow, wingless; corolla dark purple, 1J^ in. long, tube 

 narrow at the base, much exserted, enlarged and 

 curved above, limb about 1 in. across with 4 rounded 

 lobes. Malay Penins. B.M. 8388. 



F. TRACY HtJBBARD.f 



TORREYA (named for Dr. John Torrey, one of the 

 most distinguished of the earlier American botanists; 

 1796-1873). Syns., Tumion, Caryotdxus. Taxdcese. 

 Ornamental evergreens, grown for their handsome foli- 

 age and interesting habit. 



Strong broad trees: Ivs. 2-ranked, linear or linear-lan- 

 ceolate, with 2 narrow glaucous lines beneath, becom- 

 ing fulvous with age ; when bruised the foliage emits a 

 pungent or fetid odor except in T. grandis: fls. dioe- 

 cious, rarely monoecious; staminate fls. ovoid or oblong, 

 composed of 6-8 whorls of stamens, surrounded at the 

 base by bud-scales; pistillate fls. consisting of a soli- 

 tary ovule surrounded at the base by a fleshy aril and 

 several scales: fr. drupe-like, consisting of a rather 

 large seed, with thick woody shell entirely covered by a 

 thin fleshy aril. Four species in N. Amer. and E. 

 Asia. The hard, strong, and close-grained wood is 

 much valued in Japan for cabinet-making and 

 building. It is very durable in the ground. In 

 this country it has been used for fence-posts. 



The torreyas are handsome evergreen trees, 

 with spreading usually whorled branches, clothed 

 with yew-like two-ranked dark green foliage; 

 the fruits are drupe-like and about 1 inch long. 

 They are but little known in cultivation and 

 rarely seen in a flourishing condition. The Japanese 

 T. nucifera is the hardiest and has proved fairly hardy 

 as far north as Massachusetts; also T. grandis survives 

 in very sheltered positions in the vicinity of Boston, but 

 the other two species are much tenderer. Torreyas 

 grow best in shaded and sheltered positions and in a 

 somewhat moist loamy soil. Propagation is by seeds; 

 also by cuttings and by grafting on Cephalotaxus. 

 Plants raised from cuttings grow very slowly and usu- 



ally remain bushy. For cions, terminal shoots should 

 be selected. 



A. Branches, 2 years old, yellowish green or yellowish 



brown. 

 B. Lvs. linear, emitting a fetid odor when bruised. 



taxifolia, Arn. (Tumion taxifolium, Greene). Fig. 

 3825. Tree, attaining 40 ft., with spreading, slightly 

 pendulous branches, forming a rather open pyramidal 

 head: bark brown, tinged orange: Ivs. linear, acuminate, 

 dark or dark yellowish green above, with narrow white 

 lines beneath, %-lH in. long: fr. obovate, dark purple, 

 l-li^ in. long. Fla. S.S. 10:512. 



BB. Lvs. linear-lanceolate, without strong odor. 

 grandis, Fort. (T. Fdrgesii, Franch. Tumion grdnde, 

 Greene). Tree, occasionally to 80 ft. high, sometimes 

 shrubby: Ivs. linear-lanceolate, J^-l in. long and J^in. 

 broad, bright green and lustrous above, with 2 white 

 lines beneath: fr. ovoid or globose, %-l in. long. 

 China. R.H. 1879, p. 173. G.C. II. 22:681. 



AA. Branches, 2 years old, reddish brown: Ivs. emitting a 



pungent aromatic odor when bruised. 

 B. Length of Ivs. 1-3% in-i shape linear. 

 calif ornica, Torr. (T. Myristica, Hook. f. Tumion 

 californicum, Greene). CALIFORNIA NUTMEG. Tree, 

 attaining 70 or occasionally 100 ft., with spreading, 

 slightly pendulous branches, forming a pyramidal or, 

 in old age, round-topped head: bark grayish brown, 

 tinged with orange: Ivs. linear, slightly falcate, acumi- 

 nate, lustrous and dark green above, 1-3 J^ in. long: 

 fr. oblong-oval or oval, light green, streaked with 

 purple, \-\Yi in. long. Calif. S.S. 10:513. B.M. 4780. 

 F.S. 9:925. G.C. II. 24:553; III. 5:800, 801. R.H. 

 1875, pp. 76, 77; 1879, pp. 171, 172. 



BB. Length of Ivs. %-!% in., shape lanceolate. 

 nucifera, Sieb. & Zucc. Tree, usually 30 ft., but 

 occasionally 80 ft. high, with spreading branches, form- 

 ing a compact head, sometimes shrubby: bark bright 

 red: Ivs. lanceolate, acuminate, rigid and spiny pointed, 

 very dark green above, with 2 white lines beneath, %- 

 1J4 m - long and ^-i^in. broad: fr. obovoid-oblong, 

 green, about 1 in. long. Japan. S.Z. 2:129. R.H. 

 1873, p. 315. S.I.F. 1:15. ALFRED REHDER. 



TOURNEFORTIA (Jos. Pitton de Tournefort, 1656- 

 1708; one of the earliest systematic botanists). Bora- 

 ginacese. A large genus comprising possibly 100 spe- 

 cies widely scattered about the warmer parts of the 



3825. Torreya taxifolia. (XM) 



