3372 



TRAPA 



TREVORIA 



naturalized in this country. Var. verbanensis, Cesati 

 (T. verbanensis, De Not.), of Lake Maggiore in Italy, 

 has deltoid Ivs. and compressed 3-angled fr. with 2 

 ehort horns. 



bispinosa, Roxbg. SINGHARA-NUT. Petiole of float- 

 ing Ivs. 4-6 in. long, woolly; blade 2x3 in., slightly 

 crenate in the upper half, very villqus beneath : fr. %in. 

 thick, with 2 of the spines sometimes absent. India, 

 Ceylon. Said to yield very large and sweet nuts which 

 are sold under the name of Singhara-nut; much used 

 by natives. 



T. bicdrnis. Linn, f., the Ling of China, is by some referred to 

 T. natans: the fr. has 2 strong opposite long decurved horns like 

 those of a bull's head. WlLHELM MlLLER. 



TRAUTVETTERIA (E. R. von Trautvetter, a Rus- 

 sian botanist). Ranunculacese. Tall erect perennial 

 herbs grown somewhat for their broad leaves and small 

 white flowers borne in clusters. 



Leaves broad, palmately lobed: fls. white, small, 

 corymbose-paniculate; sepals 3-5, caducous; petals 

 none: carpels many, forming 1-seeded achenes. Two 

 species, N. Amer. and E. Asia. Very hardy, thriving in 

 ordinary or rich soil. Easily prop, by division of roots 

 either in late fall or early spring. There is not likely 

 to be much difficulty associated with this operation. 

 Offered by dealers in native plants. 



carolinensis, Vail (Hydrdstis carolinensis, Walt. T. 

 palmata, Fisch. & Mey.). Sts. 2-3 ft. high: lys. alter- 

 nate, reticulated, radical ones very large, with lobes 

 much toothed and cut. July. Pa., south and west. 

 B.M. 1630 (as Cimicifuga palmata). G. 29:395. 



grandis, Nutt. (T. palmata var. ocddentalis, Gray. 

 Actasa grandis, Dietr.). Much like the above species: 

 Ivs. membranaceous, more deeply lobed, often to the 

 base, thin, sparsely hairy beneath along the ribs; retic- 

 ulations less distinct: styles longer and somewhat curled. 

 Wash., Idaho, Brit. Col. 



The genus Trautvetteria is variously interpreted. Many authors 

 regard it as monotypic, the Japanese form (T. japonica, Sieb. & 

 Zucc.) being included in one cosmopolitan species (T. carolinen- 

 sis). E. L. Greene, on the other hand, described 6 new American 

 species at one time in 1912: T. nervate, from Ga. ; T. fimbriata, 

 from Ore.; T. applanata. Mo.; T. rotundata, Calif.; T. saniculi- 

 folia, Idaho; and T. media from New Mex. rr r* T\ AVIS 



TRAVELER'S TREE: Ravenala. 



TREE OF HEAVEN: Ailanthus. 



TREES: Arboriculture. 



TREE SURGERY: Arboriculture, Vol. I, page 354. 



TREFOIL: Clover, Trifolium; sometimes applied to Lotus, Des- 

 modium (tick trefoil), and other Leguminoss?. 



TREMA (Greek, trema, hole, alluding to the pitted 

 stone). Ulmacese. A group of about 30 species of ever- 

 green trees or shrubs in the tropical and subtropical 

 regions of the Old and New Worlds: Ivs. alternate, short- 

 petioled, serrate, 3-neryed or penninerved, stipulate: 

 fls. small, in nearly sessile clusters, monoecious or dioe- 

 cious, apetalous, 5- or rarely 4-merous; sepals of stami- 

 nate fls. valvate below, imbricate above; stamens 4-5; 

 ovary 1-celled, superior style with 2 linear arms: fr. a 

 small ovoid or subglobose drupe; embryo curved or 

 involute. Adapted for cult, in tropical and subtropical 

 regions only and sometimes planted for its evergreen 

 foliage. The first of the two species described below has 

 been offered in Calif ., the second in Fla. 



bracteolata, Blume. Small tree, to 30 ft. : Ivs. ovate- 

 oblong to ovate-lanceolate, acute, rounded at the base, 

 crenate-serrate, pubescent on both sides, more densely 

 beneath, 3-nerved at the base, 2-4 in. long: fls. in small 

 axillary clusters: fr. globose, black, Kin. long, crowned 

 by the remnants of the styles. S. Afr. Wood, Natal 

 PI. 4:356. It is said in Calif, that in deep soil it 



makes a much-branched bushy tree with foliage similar 

 to mulberries, and remarkable for the bright orange 

 color of the old Ivs. before dropping down. 



orientalis, Blume (Celtis orientalis, Linn,). Small 

 tree; branchlets pubescent: Ivs. rigid, ovate-oblong to 

 ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, cordate and 3-7-nerved at 

 the base, crenate-serrulate, scabrid above, clothed with 

 silvery, appressed pubescence beneath, 3-6 in. long: fr. 

 ovoid, K m - long, black. S. Asia. Wight, Icon. 1971. 

 A plant offered under this name seen by the writer 

 proved to be a true Celtis, not a Trema. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



TREMANDRA (Greek, hole and anther; the anthers 

 burst open through a hole). Tremandracese. More or 

 less stellate-tomentose shrubs, sometimes grown in the 

 greenhouse. Lvs. opposite, ovate, dentate: fls. in 5's; 

 petals not inclosing the stamens, which are rather 

 in 1 row, dehiscing by a single somewhat 2-valved pore; 

 disk glandular, crenate, almost 5-lobed: caps, loculicid- 

 ally 2-valved. Two species, Austral. T. stelligera, R. 

 Br. Densely stellate-hairy, 2 ft. or more high: Ivs. 

 short-petioled, ovate, obtuse, 1-1 Yi in. long, coarsely 

 and irregularly toothed: fls. on pedicels shorter than 

 the Ivs.; sepals villous or tomentose. Austral. Rarely 

 cult. 



A plant is mentioned as in cult, under the name of T. ericoides 

 hirsuta, Bedingh., but there seems to be some confusion and also 

 doubt as to what it is. The plant in question has brown sts., small, 

 subulate, heath-like Ivs. and bright purplish pink drooping blos- 

 soms borne on rather long slender pink pedicels. Extra. -Trop. 

 Austral. R.B. 25:133. 



TREVESIA (after the family Treves di Bonfigli of 

 Padua, patrons of botany). Araliacese. Showy and 

 rather striking small trees or shrubs from Trop. Asia 

 and the islands in that region: Ivs. either palmately 

 cut and simple, or digitately or pinnate compound: fls. 

 rather large for the family and borne in panicled umbels; 

 petals 8-12, valvate, somewhat thick; stamens 8-12; 

 ovary 8-12-loculed : fr. large, ovoid. About 9 species. 

 Should be grown in a warm moist house, as the plants 

 naturally grow in damp jungles. 



palmata, Vis. (Gastdnia palmata, Roxbg.). A small 

 tree frequently 20 ft. in cult., with the ends of the 

 branches sparingly prickly and the young parts tomen- 

 tose: Ivs. crowded at the ends of the branches, \-\Yi ft. 

 across, palmately 5-9-lobed to below the middle; 

 petioles 1-1 H ft- long: panicles long-peduncled, erect: 

 umbels 6 in. through, long-stalked: fls. 1 in. across, yel- 

 lowish white, showy. Himalayas. B.M. 7008. 



T. Sdnderi, Hort. Lvs. handsome, deeply cut, borne on long 

 cylindrical petioles; If. -blade nearly circular in outline, 2 ft. across, 

 digitate, the divisions irregularly pinnatifid and joined at the base. 

 Perhaps a form of what is known in cult, as T. Sundaica. Annam. 

 G.C. III. 53:295. T. sundaica, Regel, is apparently a form of T. 



almata; T. sundaica, Miq., is a distinct species from Java and 

 umatra, with infl. becoming recurved. See Gilibertia. 



N. TAYLOR. f 



TREVTRANA: A section of Achimenes. 



TREVORIA (named for Sir Trevor Lawrence). Orchi- 

 dacese. Epiphytic orchids, grown in the warmhouse. 



Pseudobulbs elongated-pyriform, not compressed, 

 1-lvd.: Ivs. large, rather leathery, folded, contracted 

 to the petiole: scapes arising from the base of the 

 pseudobulbs, simple, bearing a lax few-fld. raceme : fls 

 large, fleshy, pedicelled; sepals rather thick, free- 

 spreading, lateral ones oblique, very large; petals 

 fleshy, twisted, conspicuously narrower than the sepals; 

 labellum fleshy, concave, erect, not movably jointed 

 with the base of the column, lateral lobes erect, axe- 

 shaped, laxly surrounding the column; midlobe linear- 

 hastate; column rather long, terete, clavate or abruptly 

 truncate at apex; rostellum 2-toothed, membranaceous; 

 pollinia 2: caps, fusiform. About 3 species, Trop. Amer. 



Chldris, Lehm. Laxly cespitose: pseudobulbs long- 

 pyriform: If. oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, long- 



