TRIPETALEIA 



TRIPTERYGIUM 



3383 



Japan. T. bracteata, Maxim., has smaller obovate ob- 

 tuse Ivs. and pink fls. in racemes, with elliptic or obo- 

 vate bracts. Japan. ALFRED REHDER. 



TRIPHASIA (from the Greek for triplex). Rutdcex, 

 tribe Citrese. Small ornamental shrubs or trees dis- 

 tantly related to the orange, sometimes used as hedge- 

 plants. 



Plants with spreading branches: spines double, 

 axillary; Ivs. alternate, sessile, trifoliate: fls. cupulate, 

 3-merous, white, stamens 6, free: fr. an ovate berry 

 filled with a sweet, sticky pulp and containing usually 

 a solitary seed. -Only 1 species is known. 



trifdlia, P. Wilson (Limbnia trifblia, Burm. T. 

 aurantiola, Lour. T. trifoliata, DC.). LIME -BERRY. 

 Fig. 3848. A shrub or small tree, sometimes attaining 

 a height of 15 ft.: Ivs. trifoliolate, dark green; Ifts. 

 ovate, retuse, entire-margined, lateral ones smaller than 

 the central one; spines in pairs, straight, very sharp, 

 shorter than the Ivs.: fls. white, fragrant, axillary, soli- 

 tary; petals thick; stamens free, filaments subulate, 

 shorter than the corolla; style thick, longer than the 

 stamens: fr. ovate, small, dull red, J^in. diam., having 

 a thick skin, 1-celled, generally with only a single large 

 seed, imbedded in the mucilaginous spicy pulp. Bur- 

 mann, Fl. Ind., tab. 35. Jacq. Icon. pi. rar. v. 3, pi. 

 463. L.B.C. 1:18. Riss. & Poit. Hist. nat. or. 2 ed., 

 pi. 108. Of unknown nativity but widely cult, and 

 naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions, being 

 grown as an ornamental plant. Prop, by seed. The 

 frs., which are filled with a highly aromatic juicy pulp, 

 are sometimes used in tropical countries for making 

 marmalade. The shrub is attractive, flowering and 

 fruiting freely and is used for lawn planting and 

 hedges, but it is injured by severe frosts. This species 

 is able to grow in soil too salty to support the common 

 citrous frs. and is being tested as a stock for use on 

 such soil. WALTER T. SWINGLE. 



TRIPHORA (Greek, bearing three flowers). Orchida- 

 ceae. Terrestrial plants with leafy sts. and fleshy tubers. 

 Fls. axillary, solitary or several; sepals free, equaling the 

 petals; lip "erect, not crested, spurless, 3-lobed; column 

 elongated, clavate; pollinia granular-powdery, tailless. 

 Species about 10, American. By some authors 

 retained in Pogonia. 



trianthophora, Rydb. (T. pendula, Nutt. Ppgbnia pen- 

 dula, Lindl.). Sts. sometimes tufted, 2-12 in. tall: Ivs. 

 nearly orbicular to ovate, 2-8 in. long, clasping: fls. 

 single, or 2-7, drooping, pale purple; sepals and petals 

 obtuse, elliptic; Up about as long as petals, narrowed 

 into a short claw. E. N. Amer. B.R. 908. 



GEORGE V. NASH. 



TRIPLARIS (Latin, from triplex, the parts of the 

 fructification are in 3's). Syn., Velasquezia. Poly- 

 gonaceae. Trees grown out-of-doors in the extreme S., in 

 the warmhouse in the N. Lvs. alternate, short-petioled, 

 usually large, ovate-oblong or lanceolate: fls. sessile or 

 subsessile between bracts, arranged in pilose, simple, 

 long spikes or often in racemes, dioecious; male perianth 

 funnelform, limb 6-cleft, stamens 9, ovary rudimentary 

 or none; female perianth narrow, deeply 6-cleft, ovary 

 acutely 3-angled: nut prominently subacutely 3-angled. 

 About 20 species, Trop. S. Amer. 



americana, Linn. Small tree: Ivs. petiolate, ovate, 

 acuminate: spikes pilose, bracts ovate, acuminate, 

 small, pilose: calyx in fr. very long, tube ovate with 

 spreading lanceolate wings; lobes subulate: achene 

 ovate, 3-angled. Cent. Amer. An insufficiently studied 

 and much confused species. 



TRIPSACUM (Greek, to rub or thresh, probably 

 alluding to the ease with which the fertile spike can be 

 broken up). Gramineae. Perennial grasses with stout 

 culms and monoecious infl., in spikes terminating the 



culm and branches: fls. monoecious, in the same spike, 

 the staminate above; spikes terminal and axillary; 

 staminate spikelets 2-fld., in pairs at each joint; pistil- 

 late single, 1-fld., imbedded in each joint of the rachis, 

 so that the smooth cartilaginous axis and the outer 

 glume form a nearly cylindrical mass; at maturity the 

 pistillate spikes separate into the joints. Species about 

 6, of the warmer parts of N. Amer., one extending north 

 to Cent. U. S. and in many places furnishing consider- 

 able native fodder. 



dactyloides, Linn. (T. violoceum and T. Ddctylis of the 

 trade). GAM A -GRASS. SESAME -GRASS. Culms in 

 bunches, 4-7 ft.; spike 2-3 at summit and often single 

 from the upper axils. Moist soil, Conn., LI., Kans., 



3848. Triphasia trifolia. 



and southward. Dept. Agric., Div. Agrost., 20:13. A 

 wild fodder-grass, sometimes cult, for forage and also 

 in gardens as a curiosity. Raised from seed, or more 

 certainly from cuttings of the rootstpcks. 



For an illustrated account of Tripsacum-Euchlaena 

 and Tripsacum-Zea crosses, see article by Collins and 

 Kempton, Journal of Heredity, March, 1916. 



A. S. HITCHCOCK. 



TRTPTER^GIUM (Greek, three and icing, in refer- 

 ence to the 3-winged fr.). Celostrocese. Three shrubs 

 from E. Asia with deciduous alternate rather large Ivs. 

 and small white fls. in terminal panicles: fls. polyga- 

 mous; calyx 5-lobed; petals 5; stamens 5, inserted at 

 the margin of a cupular disk; ovary superior, 3-angled, 

 incompletely 3-celled, with short style : fr. a 3-winged, 

 1-seeded nutlet. The following species has proved hardy 

 at the Arnold Arboretum and is a handsome shrub con- 

 spicuous chiefly on account of its large bright green foli- 

 age contrasting well with the reddish brown sts. ter- 

 minated in July and Aug. by conspicuous panicles of 

 small whitish, fragrant fls. It apparently grows well in 

 any soil. Prop, is by seeds and probably by cuttings. 

 T. Regelii, Sprague & Takeda (T. WUfordii, Regel, not 

 Hook. f.). Glabrous shrub, to 2 ft., with angled warty 

 reddish brown branches: Ivs. petioled, broadly elliptic, 

 acuminate, broadly cuneate at the base, serrate, 3-6 H 

 in. long.: fls. greenish white, J^in. across, in terminal 

 panicles leafy at the base, and to 8 in. long: fr. little over 

 Hin. long, with 3 broad wings. July, Aug. Manchuria, 

 Korea, Japan. Gt. 18:612. Not yet in the American 

 trade. ALFRED REHDER. 



