ULMUS 



ULMUS 



3411 



horizontal branches, stunted branchlets, and small Ivs., 

 forming a hemispherical bush. Forms of U. glabra are 

 frequently planted in the East. 



7. laciniata, Mayr (U. montana var. laciniata, 

 Trautv. U. major var. heterophylla, Maxim.). Tree, 

 usually not exceeding 30 ft., but occasionally taller: 

 branchlets sparingly hairy or glabrous, finally pale 

 yellowish brown or grayish brown, older branches 

 brown: Ivs. oboyate or obovate-oblong, at the broad 

 apex usually with 3, sometimes with 5 lobes, very 

 unequal and semi-cordate at the base, doubly serrate, 

 rough above, pubescent beneath at least on the veins, 

 3-7 in. long; petioles pubescent, very short, about Mill- 

 long: fls. in clusters, short-stalked: fr. elliptic, glabrous, 

 %in. long, with the seed in the middle. Manchuria, 

 X. China, Japan. S.I.F. 2:15. This species has been 

 sometimes confused with U. glabra var. grandidentata, 

 but is easily distinguished by the pale color of the 

 mature branchlets glabrous or slightly pubescent while 

 young and by the presence of 3-lobed Ivs. even on the 

 fruiting branchlets of mature trees, while in the variety 

 of U. glabra the mature branchlets are reddish brown 

 and quite hairy while young and the 3-lobed Ivs. 

 appear chiefly on vigorous shoots. 



8. campestris, Linn. (U. procera, Salisb. U. satlva, 

 Mill., according to Henry. U. suberdsa, Smith. U. 

 surculosa var. latifblia, Stokes). ENGLISH ELM. Tall 

 tree, to 130 ft. high, with a straight st. and spreading 

 or ascending branches forming an oval head; usually 

 suckering abundantly: bark deeply fissured: young 

 branchlets pubescent: buds ovoid, minutely pubescent: 

 Ivs. broadly oval or ovate, short-acuminate, very 

 oblique at the base, dark green and scabrous above, 

 soft-pubescent beneath and with axillary tufts of hairs, 

 2-3 in. long; pairs of veins about 12; petioles H m - 

 long, pubescent: fls. short-stalked with 3-5 stamens: fr. 

 nearly orbicular, } -fin- across, with a short closed notch 

 at the apex, seed touching the base of the notch. Eng- 

 land, W. and S. Eu. F.S.R. 2, p. 267. S.E.B. 8:1285. 

 Em. 2:336. M.D.G. 1900:577. This is the most 

 stately of the European elms and much planted in 

 England; the famous "Long Walk" in Windsor Park 

 consists of this elm. This tree is sometimes planted as 

 an avenue tree in this country; it succeeds very well 

 and fine old trees may be seen occasionally in the north- 

 eastern states. The foliage remains green several weeks 

 longer than that of the American elm. The form of S. 

 Eu. has been distinguished as var. australis, Henry. 

 Pyramidal tree: Ivs. thicker and firmer; more cuspidate- 

 acuminate, with the veins more prominent beneath: fr. 

 more obovate. There are also several garden forms. 

 Var. variegata,Dipp. (var. argenteo-variegata, Hort.) . Lvs. 

 striped and spotted with white. Var. purpiirea, Kirchn. 



Lvs. tinged purple, 2- 

 2H in. long. Var. pur- 

 purascens, Schneid. 

 (var. myrtifolia pur- 



Eurea, L. de Smet). 

 vs. tinged purplish, 

 about 1 in. long. Var. 

 Van Hoftttei, Schneid. 

 (var. Louis Van 

 Houtte). Lvs. tinged 

 with j'ellow. Var. 

 Berardii, Simon- 

 Louis. Bushy tree or 

 shrub with slender 

 upright branches : Ivs. 

 oblong, with few 

 coarse teeth, nearly 

 glabrous, ^7! jp- 

 long. Var. viminalis, 

 Loud. (17. antdrctica, 

 Kirchn. U. stricta, 

 americana. Hort.). Tree with as- 



cending branches and pendulous slightly pubescent 

 branchlets: Ivs. obovate to narrowly elliptic, incisely 

 doubly serrate, acuminate, scabrous above and 

 slightly pubescent beneath, 1-2 J^ in. long. G.C. III. 

 51:236. Var. viminalis aurea, Henry (U. Rosseelsii, 

 Koch. U. campestris aurea, Morr. Var. antdrctica 

 aurea, Xichols.). Like the preceding but with yellow 



3879. A feathered elm. Dlmus 



3880. Fruit of slippery elm. Ulmus fulva. ( x Yd 



Ivs. B.H. 16:19. I.H. 14:513. Var. viminalis margi- 

 nata, Kirchn. (var. viminalis variegdta, Nichols.). Like 

 var. viminalis, but Ivs. variegated with white. Var. 

 Wentworthii, Schelle (U. Wentworthii pendula, Hort.). 

 A form with pendulous branches. 



9. japonica, Sarg. (U. campestris var. japonica, 

 Rehd.). Tree, to 100 ft., with a broad head and often 

 more or less pendulous branchlets: young branchlets 

 densely pubescent and rough with minute tubercles, 

 pale yellowish brown, sometimes developing corky 

 ridges: Ivs. obovate or elliptic, acuminate, oblique at the 

 base, scabrous and hairy above, pubescent beneath with 

 slight axillary tufts of hairs, 3-5 in. long; pairs of veins 

 12-16; petiole J^-^m. long, densely pubescent: fls. 

 nearly sessile, tetramerous: fr. obovate-oblong, about 

 %in. long, gradually narrowed toward the base, with 

 an open notch at the apex; seed touching the notch. 

 Japan, Manchuria, Amurland. G.F. 6:327. S.T.S. 

 2:101. Intro, into the Arnold Arboretum in 1895; it 

 has proved perfectly hardy there, grows rapidly, and 

 promises to become a valuable ornamental tree. 



10. hollandica, Mill. (L T . Dippeliana, Schneid. U. 

 glabra x U.foliacea). Under this name are united here a 

 number of elms which are apparently hybrids between 

 the Scotch elm and the smooth-leaved elm. They are 

 more or less intermediate between the parents, in some 

 forms resembling the first, in others the second parent. 

 As the type of this collective group the following variety 

 may stand, as it is probably not different from Miller's 

 U. hollandica. Var. major, Rehd. (U. major, Smith. 

 U. scabra var. major, Gurke. U. campestris var. 

 major, Planch.). DUTCH ELM. Tree, to 100ft. or more, 

 with a short trunk and wide-spreading branches, suck- 

 ering: bark of trunk deeply fissured: young branchlets 

 glabrous or with few hairs: buds ovoid, minutely 

 pubescent: Ivs. broadly oval, acuminate, very unequal 

 at the base, dark green, lustrous and nearly smooth 

 above, sparingly and minutely pubescent and glandular 

 beneath, with conspicuous axillary tufts, 3-5 in. long; 

 pairs of veins 12-14; petiole }^m- or slightly longer: fls. 

 mostly 4-merous: fr. oval-obovate, %-l in. long; seed 

 touching the base of the notch. R.F.G. 12:665. Var. 

 vegeta, Rehd. (U. vegeta, Lindl. U. glabra var. vegeta, 

 Loud. U. Hiintingdonii, Hort.). HUNTINGDON ELM. 

 Tall tree with rough bark and forked st.; suckering: 

 young branchlets stout, glabrous or sparingly hairy: Ivs. 

 oval, acuminate, very unequal at the base, smooth and 

 glabrous above, glabrous below except small axillary 



216 



