VITIS 



VITIS 



3485 



not so high-climbing as most American species: ten- 

 drils intermittent: Ivs. mostly thinnish, rounded, with 

 a deep sinus and the basal lobes usually overlapping, 

 tomentose or glabrous beneath, the margins coarsely 

 notched or jagged: clusters large and long, the berries 

 usually oval or oblong, although many varieties are 

 globular-fruited. Probably native to the Caspian or 

 Caucasus region and W. India. Cult, from the earliest 

 times, and the grape of history; now greatly varied. 

 The hothouse grapes, as Black Hamburg, Barbarossa, 

 are of this species; also the vineyard grapes of Calif. 

 Not hardy in the northern states and very subject to 

 phylloxera (root-louse) and mildew. Regel, a Russian 

 botanist, considered the wine grape to be a hybrid of 

 2 species that he characterized as F. Labrusca and V. 

 vulpina, but this view is not accepted. Var. apiifolia, 

 Loud. (V. laciniosa, T.irm. V. vinifera var. laciniosa, 

 Dipp.), has the Ivs. cut into 5 much-cleft segms: orna- 

 mental: known as "parsley vine," and "ciotat." Gn. 

 54, p. 425. 



9. Davidii, Foex (Spinontis Davidii, Romanet. 

 Vitis Daridiana, Dipp. V. armata, Diels & Gilg. F. 

 vinifera var. Dandii, Hort.). Sts. and petioles armed 

 with straight or slightly recurved prickles, glabrous: 

 tendrils interrupted: Ivs. long-petioled, large, paper- 

 like, somewhat glaucous and becoming glabrous be- 

 neath, broadly ovate, obscurely angled, the base cor- 

 date, the apex acuminate and acute, the margin lightly 

 repand-apiculate-serrate: thyrse peduncled, long-coni- 

 cal, usually surpassing the If., the fls. very early: fr. 

 rather large, globose, black. China. Old branches 

 prickly. 



Var. cyanocarpa, Sarg. (F. armata var. cyanoc&rpa, 

 Gagnep. F. armata var. Vdtchii, Hort.). Less prickly, 

 the growing shoots bare: fr. bluish: perhaps a hybrid. 

 China. 



10. Romanetii, Romanet (F. ruttians, Carr.). Peti- 

 oles and young sts. floccose-pubescent and bearing 

 spreading gland-bearing purplish hairs or bristles; sts. 

 becoming nearly glabrous the second year: tendrils 

 interrupted : Ivs. large, cordate-orbicular and obscurely 

 angled-3-lobed, coarsely crenate-dentate, at maturity 

 nearly or quite glabrous above, below more or less floc- 

 cose-pubescent at least on the nerves: thyrse peduncled, 

 elongated-conical, surpassing the Ivs. : f r. black, edible, 

 the seeds globose-ovoid. China. R.H. 1890:444. 



11. rupestris, Scheele. SAND, SUGAR, ROCK, BUSH, 

 CURRANT, or MOUNTAIN GRAPE. Shrub, 2-6 ft. high, 

 or sometimes slightly climbing, the tendrils few or even 

 none, diaphragms plane and rather thin: Ivs. reniform 

 to reniform-ovate (about 3-4 in. wide and two-thirds 

 as long), rather thick, smooth and glabrous on both sur- 

 faces at maturity, marked by a characteristic light glau- 

 cescent tint, the sides turned up so as to expose much of 

 the under surface, the base only rarely cut into a well- 

 marked sinus, the margins very coarsely angle-toothed, 

 the boldly rounded top bearing a short, abrupt point 

 and sometimes 2 lateral teeth enlarged and suggesting 

 lobes: stamens in fertile fls. recurved laterally or rarely 

 ascending, those in the sterile fls. ascending: cluster 

 small, slender, open and branched: berries small (%-% 

 in. diam.), purple-black and somewhat glaucous, 

 pleasant -tasted, ripe in late summer; seeds small and 

 broad. Sandy banks, low hills, and mountains, S. Pa. 

 to Tenn., Ind., Mo., Okla., and S. W. Texas. Var. 

 dissecta, Eggert, is a form with more ovate Ivs. and 

 very long teeth, and a strong tendency toward irregu- 

 lar lobing. Mo. 



12. monticola, Buckl. (F. texana, Munson. F. 

 Foexeana, Planch). SWEET MOUNTAIN GRAPE. Fig. 

 3957. A slender trailing or climbing plant (reaching 20- 

 30 ft. in height, with very long and slender branches, 

 the young growth angled and floccose (sometimes gla- 

 brous), the diaphragms plane and rather thin: Ivs. 

 small and thin (rarely reaching 4 in. in width and gen- 



erally from 2-3 in. high), cordate-ovate to triangular- 

 ovate, with the basal sinus ranging from nearly trun- 

 cate oblique to normally inverted U-shaped, rather 

 dark green but glossy above and grayish green below, 

 when young more or less pubescent or even arachnoid 

 below, the blade either prominently notched on either 

 upper margin or almost lobed, the point acute and often 

 prolonged, margins irregularly notched with smaller 

 teeth than in F. rupestris: clusters short and broad, 

 much branched: berries medium or small (averaging 

 about J^in. diam.), black or light-colored, seedy, sweet; 

 seeds large (about J^m. long) and broad. Limestone 

 hills hi S. W. Texas. This species has been the sub- 

 ject of much misunderstanding. 



13. Champinii, Planch. Probably a hybrid of F. 

 rupestris or F. Berlandieri and F. candicans, bearing 

 medium to large reniform or reniform-cordate Ivs. 

 which are variously pubescent or cobwebby but become 

 glabrous, the growing tips mostly white-tomentose: 

 berries very large and excellent. S. W. Texas. A.G. 

 12:579. La some places associated with F. candicans, 

 V. Berlandieri, and F. monticola only, and in others 

 with the above and F. rupestris. Often composing 

 dense thickets in the wild. 



3957. Vitis monticola. ( X J4) 



14. Longii, Prince (F. Solonis, Planch. F. nuevo- 

 mexicana, Lemm.). Differs from vigorous forms of F. 

 vulpina in having floccose or pubescent young growth: 

 Ivs. decidedly more circular in outline, with more angu- 

 lar teeth and duller in color, often distinctly pubescent 

 beneath: stamens in fertile fls. short and weak and 

 laterally reflexed, those hi sterile fls. long and strong: 

 seeds larger. W. OkUu, N. W. Texas, New Mex. and 

 S. Colo. Regarded by French authors as a hybrid, the 

 species F. rupestris, V. vulpina, V. candicans, and F. 

 cordifolia having been suggested as its probable parents; 

 but Munson thinks that it has "a well-characterized 

 specific make-up of its own." It is variable in char- 

 acter. In most of its forms it would be taken for a 

 compound of F. rupestris and F. vulpina, but the latter 

 species is not known to occur in most of its range. It 

 was very likely originally a hybrid between F. rupestris 

 (which it sometimes closely resembles in herbarium 

 specimens except for its wooUiness) and some tomentose 

 species (possibly with F. arizonica or F. Doaniana), but 

 it is now so widely distributed and grows so far removed 

 from its supposed parents and occurs in such great 

 quantity in certain areas, that for taxonomic purposes 

 it must be kept distinct. It is not unlikely that it has 

 originated at different places as the product of unlike 

 hybridizations. Late French writers designate the 

 jagged-lvd. forms as F. Solonis, and the dentate forms 

 as F. nuevo-mexicana. This interesting grape was 



