ZIZANIA 



ZIZYPHUS 



the handsomest of tall hardy grasses for the margins 

 of ponds. C.L.A. 16:40. G. 24:21. Gn. 71, p. 191. See 

 U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. PI. Ind. Bull. No. 50, Wild 

 Rice: Its Uses and Propagation; also Recreation 

 32 : 149. A. S. HITCHCOCK. 



ZIZIA (named for 

 I. B. Ziz, a Rhenish 

 botanist). Umbellif- 

 crse. Perennial herbs 

 of little horticultural 

 value, but offered by 

 some dealers in native 

 plants. 



Leaves ternate or 

 ternately compound 

 or the basal un- 

 divided: fls. yellow, 

 in compound umbels, 

 the central fr. of each 

 umbellet sessile; in- 

 volucre none; invo- 

 lucels of several small 

 bracts ; calyx - teeth 

 prominent: fr. ovoid 

 or oblong, glabrous 

 or nearly so, ribs 

 filiform, not winged. 

 Three species, N. 

 Amer. 



A. Rays of umbels 9- 

 25, stout, ascending. 

 aurea, Koch. 

 GOLDEN ALEXAN- 

 DERS. Height 1-2 14 

 ft., glabrous and 

 branched: basal and 

 lower Ivs. 2- 3 -ter- 

 nately compound; 

 upper Ivs. ternate: 

 fr. oblong, 2x 1^ 

 lines. April-June. 

 Fields, meadows, and 

 swamps, New Bruns., 



Sask. and S. D. to Fla. and Texas. A weedy-looking 



plant. 



AA. Rays of umbels 2-12, slender, diverging. 



Bebbii, Brit. Distinguished from Z. aurea by the 

 rays and by the fr., which is oval or broader, 1-1 J4 

 lines. May. Mountain woods, Va. and W. Va. to N. C. 

 and Ga. F. TRACY HtruBARD.t 



ZIZYPHUS (from Zizouf, the Arabian name of Z. 

 Lotus). Rhamnacex. JCJCBE. Ornamental woody 

 plants grown chiefly for their handsome foliage, and 

 some species for their edible fruits. 



Deciduous or evergreen shrubs or trees: Ivs. alternate, 

 short-pet ioled, 3-5-nerved from the base, serrate or 

 entire ; the stipules mostly transformed into spines, often 

 only one stipule spiny or one a straight and the other 

 a hooked spine: fls. 5-merous; ovary 2-4, usually 2- 

 loculed; style usually 2-parted: fr. a subglobose to 

 oblong drupe. About 40 species distributed throughout 

 the tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres, 

 allied and very similar to Paliurus, but chiefly distin- 

 guished by the drupe-like fr. The fr. of Z. satim, Z. 

 Jujuba, and Z. Lotus are edible, and the first-named is 

 cult, in China. 



The jujubes are slender-branched shrubs or small 

 trees with prickly branches, usually 2-ranked, small or 

 medium-sized generally oval or oblong leaves and with 

 small greenish or whitish flowers in axillary cymes fol- 

 lowed by drupe-like sometimes edible fruits. They are 

 not much cultivated in this country and none of the 

 species is hardy North ; the hardiest seems to be Z. saliva 



4053. Zizania palustris. 



but it is tender north of Washington, D. C. Most 

 kinds have- handsome foliage and are well adapted for 

 planting in shrubberies in the southern states and Cali- 

 fornia. They seem to thrive in any well-drained 

 soil. Propagation is by seeds, by greenwood cuttings 

 under glass and by root-cuttings. 



Jujuba, Lam. Fig. 4054. Tree, 30-50 ft. high: 

 branches usually prickly; young branchlets, petioles and 

 infl. densely rusty tomentose: Ivs. broadly oval or ovate 

 to oblong, obtuse, sometimes emarginate, serrate or 

 entire, dark green and glabrous above, tawny or nearly 

 white-tomentose beneath, 1-3 in. long: fls. in short- 

 stalked many-fld. axillary cymes: fr. subglobose to 

 oblong, usually orange-red, j^-%in. long, on a stalk 

 nearly half its length. March June. S. Asia, Afr., 

 Austral. Gn. 13, p. 194. S.M. 3: 447. Variable in shape 

 and color of the fr.; for figures of several varieties see 

 Hooker Jour. Bot. 1 (1834): 321. The jujube is some- 

 what planted in Fla. and Calif., although it yet has no 

 commercial rating as a fr .-plant. The frs. or berries 

 are ripe in Nov. and Dec., and the plant begins to bear 

 at 3 years from planting. The jujube fr. is used in con- 

 fectionery. 



sativa, Gaertn. (Z. vulgaris, Lam.). COMMON JTJJUBE. 

 Shrub or small tree, attaining 30 ft., glabrous: prickly or 

 unarmed; the longer prickle up to IJ^ in. long: branch- 

 lets often fascicled, slender and having frequently the 

 appearance of pinnate Ivs. : Ivs. ovate to ovate-lanceo- 

 late, acute or obtuse, oblique at the base, sometimes 



4054. Jnjnbe. Zizyphns Jujuba. ( X nearly 



