APPENDIX^' 



^ 



Raw, Process, Energy ayul Fuel Materials Found in Montana 



FUEL AND ENERGY RESOURCES 



COAL 



Uses — Indiistriiil niul household fuel, in;iiuifacturing gas, smithing. Distilled 

 to form coke used iu smelting ores of iron and other minerals. Present coking 

 practice in United States yields to each short ton of coal — 19 pounds sulphate 

 ammonia, used in refrigeration, high explosives and nitrogenous fertilizer ; 7-1 

 gallons tar from which are derived organic compounds used in chemicals and 

 dyes and coal tar pitch used in surfacing roads, roofing and as binder for fuel 

 briquets ; 2.4 gallons crude light oil w hose derivatives are the bases of certain high 

 explosives: 10,500 cubic feet of gas and 1,425 pounds of coke. Bituminous, sub- 

 bituminous and lignite coals are the principal kinds fomid in Montana. 



Occurrence — According to report of U. S. G. S. and of the state coal 

 mine inspector, has been commercially mined in Blaine. Carbon, . Carter, Cascade, 

 Choteau, Custer, Dawson, Fallon, Fergus. Hill, Missoida, McCone. MusseLshell. Park, 

 Pondera, Prairie, Richland, Roosevelt. Sheridan, Stilhvater, Toole and Wibaux. 

 ALso occurs in Beaverhead, Big Horn, Broadwater, Daniels. Deer Lodge, Flathead, 

 Gallatin, Garfield, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Judith Ba.sin, Lewis and 

 Clark, Madison, Meagher, Phillips, Powder River, Powell, Ravalli, Rosebud, Sweet 

 Grass, Teton, Treasure, Valley, Wheatland and Yellowstone. Coking coal, accord- 

 ing to Rowe, is found in Broadwater. Cascade. Gallatin, Lewis and Clarlc, Meagher, 

 Park and Sweet Grass. Steam and domestic coal, according to Rowe, is found 

 in Carbon, Cascade. Wheatland, Sweet Grass, Gallatin, Rosebud, Yellowstone, 

 Fergus, Judith Basin, Musselshell, Golden Valley, Lewis and Clark, Meagher and 

 Park. Gas coal, according to Rowe, is found in Lewis and Clark and Meagher. 

 Blacksmith coal, according to Rowe, is found in Cascade, Teton and Park. Semi- 

 anthracite, according to Rowe, has been found in Madison and Park comities. 



A plant was recently erected at Minot, North Dakota, for the production of a 

 commercial weatherjiroof I)ri(iuet from lignite, equal in fuel value to the best 

 anthracite and at a slightly lower cost. Its operation, if successful, will mean 

 much to eastern Montana in the commercial exploitation of its vast lignite beds. 



Of tremendous economic importance to Montana is the announcement made 

 by the United States Bureau of Mines, in 1923 of the successful development of 

 an oven for the conversion of lignite coal into a fuel of practically tlie same 

 thermal efficiency as the best Pennsylvania anthracite. The apparatus is pro- 

 nounced "a practical, commercial oven, now past the experimental stage." Of 

 the 1.051.2<)0,CKX),000 tons of lignite coal in the United States, the United States 

 Geological Survey r(>ports oSl,000,000,000 tons, or more than a third of the 

 total, is found in Montana. 



*No claim is made for tliis appendix of completeness. New resources are constantly 

 iieins discovered, and there is every reason to believe that it will be many years before 

 the resoui'ce.s of the state are fully taliulated. This appendix is based upon reports and 

 bulletins of the United States Geological Surve.v, upon researches made and published 

 by J. P. Rowe, professor of geology at tlie State University, and upon information ob- 

 tained from firms and individuals and from other sources. 



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