MIXEHALS— METALLIC 155 



will suit tlu' it"iuiri'iiu>nts of stt-cl uianufjieturers. In luiikiiii;' ;i fcrrochrdiiu' t-im- 

 raiuing six per rent of carbon it is necessary to nse a chrome ore coiitainin.u at 

 least twice as iniu-h chrominni as iron in order to iiroiliue a ferrodironie con- 

 tainini;' 00 l»i'r cent of chi-oniiuni. 



Kobert M. Keeney of the r.ure;in of Mines is (jnoled tn the effect that "ferro- 

 chrome can be easily manufactured directly from chroniite in the electric furnace". 

 The L'. S. G. S. says : '"The metallurijry of cbromite has apparently been so de- 

 veloped in the hydro-electric process as to utilize to advantage relatively low grade 

 ores such as are most abundant in the United States, and the further development 

 of that process on the I'acific coast, where water power abounds, would greatly 

 diminish the handicap of long transportation". 



In 1011), G1.4()4 long tons of chromite were imported into the L'nited States. 



COPPER 



Uses — The first metal itsed by man and is today second only to ii-on in its 

 industrial value. Has become indispensable only since the electrical industry 

 was established. Most of the cojiper produced is now used in that industry and a 

 large part of the remainder in the manufacture of brass, bronze and other alloys. 

 Xo satisfactory substitute has been found for bronze as a bearing metal. 



Occurrence — Has been commercially produced in Beaverhead, Broadwater, Cas- 

 cade. Deer Lodge, Fergus. Gallatin. Jefferson. Granite. Lewis and Clark. Lincoln, 

 Madi.son. Meagher, Mineral. Missoula. Park. Powell. Ravalli. Sanders, and Silver 

 Bow counties. It is the Silver Bow production that gives Montana third rank 

 among the states on this metal. 



IKON 



Uses — Modern civilization is based upon the fabrication of this metal. This 

 is the age of the machine, mostly made from steel, a product of iron. 



Occurence — Three deposits of iron ore in Montana have been reported by 

 the U. S. G. S.. but there are reports of man.v other deposits, upon one of 

 which — in Meagher county — consideral)le exploration work has been done. This 

 deposit and the one in Cascade and Judith Basin counties which has been 

 examined by the U. S. G. S. are the only ores in the state at present of known 

 commercial importance. 



In central Montiina. on liunning Wolf and Dry Wolf Creeks. 12 miles south- 

 west of Stanford, on the Great Xorthern Railway, and about 54 miles southeast 

 of Great Falls (Cascade and Judith Basin counties), is found iron ore known 

 as the Running Wolf hematite deposits. The ore bodies range in width from 

 five to 60 feet and average al>out 20 feet. On two claims at the east end of the 

 property, the V. S. G. S. estimates there are one million gross tons of ore. The 

 V. S. G. S. says: "The ore in places contains enough magnetite to make it react to 

 the magnet. It is not to an.v large degree limonitic at the surface. At one point 

 where a considerable depth has been reached, the ore contains a little pyrite and 

 chalcopyrite. Mineralogicall.v. the ores are entirely satisfactory for .steel manu- 

 facture. Ore is expo.sed at points along the middle of the belt, but no estimate of 

 tonnage can be attempted here. At the west end showings are better. Ore appears 

 at intervals throtigh a distance of nearly a mile, and the average of the thickness 

 of the ore bod.v in the different openings is 20 feet. The present availability 

 of this ore depends on several factors which cannot be considered in this paper, 

 such as the cost of transportation to central and eastern manufacturing points 

 and the possibility of economic production of iron in the nearby Rocky Mountain 

 region". 



Extensive deposits of high grade iron are reported on Sheep Creek in the 

 northern part of Meagher count.v. It is said the mineralized area extends through 

 the Belt Mountains 50 miles, but the workalile deposits are found in a circular 



