44 Introduction to A nimal Morphology. 



Achatinidae, &c. 4th. Madagascar according to Hacckd, a 

 fragment of a once large central continent, Lemurien. Its 

 fauna consists of Lemurs, Pteropine bats, Echinogale, Ericulus, 

 (Yntetes ; Didine birds and yKpyornis formerly lived herein. 

 The Indo-Malayan region includes the following provinces : 

 i st. India, the home of the Tiger, Canida?, Arctictis, Hclictis, 

 Paradoxurus, Catarrhinc monkeys, especially Semnopithecus 

 and Ilylobates, Pteromys, Moschidae, Platanista, Cinnyridae, 

 Bombycidjj, and IMellidix;. 2nd. Malaya, the land of the 

 Orangutan, Bats, Tarsius, Sumatran Rhinoceros, Tapir, Anoa, 

 Babyroussa, Polyplectron, Peacocks, Argus Pheasants, Birds 

 of Paradise, &c. 



Australia includes two provinces : ist. Polynesia, the 



kingdom of the Partulida?, Nymphalidiv, Apteryx, Strigops, 



Nestor; and 211 .ilia, the land of Marsupials and 



Monotremes, Dennett's -try, the Emu, Menura, 



hrops, black Swan, Pezop. ; e.s, &c. 



The Antarctic region is little known. Patagonia, its first 

 province, is < by the j of the Guan. 



Dolichotus, Puma, and Rhea Darwinii. The other land 

 regions in it are little known. 



-Marine animals are distributed in zones of different depths, 

 of which five can be recognized: ist. Superficial, the area 

 of floating animals. 2nd. Littoral, or the region betv. 

 tide marks, the home of Ann*. . 3. Laminarian, or 



that from low-water mark to about 10 fathoms. 4th. Inter- 

 mediate or coralline, that from the level of about 10 fath* 

 to a varying depth from 40 to 60, or 100 fathoms. 5th. The 

 Abyssal or deep sea zone, or that below 60-100 fathoms. 

 Life in these zones is modified by currents hot or cold,* and 

 varies geographically ; thus, in the Arctic Ocean, the cha- 

 racteristic forms are the Walrus, Narwhal, Scorpaena, 

 Salmonidoe, Amphipodous Crustacea, Chelyosoma, Cystingia, 

 &c. In the Antarctic Ocean, are the Penguins and Auks, the 



* Some animals can bear -wide limits of change of temperature, and 

 hence are called Eurythermal. Others are limited to regions where the 

 temperature changes within very narrow limits; such are known as 

 Stcnothermal. Some forms can Live in waters of very van-ing degrees of 

 saltness, and are called Euryhaline (Mi'bius). 



