10 Lutz, Viticulture and Brewing. 



nos jours une boisson rafraichissante avec le sue de Caroube 

 mele a de I'eau ou a d'autres liquides". We ma\' finally men- 

 tion the wine A ^ prepared either from the sap or the fruit 



of the (j ^ A tree. 



Besides these different designations for the word "wine" 

 of which irp, (1 j-, is by far the most common ', the wines 



or their special brands, are also named according to their 

 places of origin. Through these geographic attributes we are 

 enabled to locate the most important vine-growing districts 

 of Egypt. The Pyramid texts mention the "wine of Lower 

 Egypt" 2. Another wine is called irp rs, "w^ine of Upper- 

 Egypt", Most of the place-names refer naturally to places or 

 districts situated in the Delta. Important is an inscription at 

 Esna for the enumeration of different kinds of wine. This in- 

 scription has the following passage ^,_^^ 5f^ ^T^J/ 



O jS 1 ^^ "The produce of Pelusiumf?'), of Hat-seha- 



Hor^, together with (that of) the oasis Kenem, and the pro- 

 duce of the oasis Dsds. (Whenever) the delivery occurs, then 

 appears hearty joy and drunkeness in it, and they intoxicate 

 themselves totally in its district". In the tomb ofPtah-Hotep 

 at Saqqara^ mention is made of three of the most important 



i) This word is preseived in Greek in a verse of Sappho [Athen. Deipn. 



II. 39] 



AiuPpoaiai; ^liv Kparnp dKeKpaxo 



' EpjLiac b' 4\i6v .eptriv Oeoic luvoxoriaev 

 A general name for wine, used less frequently than iV/ is sij. jilU\ O) 



2) (j^:^^. Pap. T. IIS-W. I47 = N. 515; Iater(j'r^<=\:,j: 



passim. 



3) The most westernly city of the Libyan nomos See below p. 12, 

 note I. 



4) Dum. ResnU. XIII, 7, 



/VAAA/NA 



