^A Lutz, Viticulture and Brewing. 



Dahr produces a certain kind of grape, called ^_$r^ regarding 



which the Tag al-'Arus, s. v. says: ^3^-^^ '*'^-:^^ >?^ J'^" (^37-^) 

 Ji:^ J^^li^ll ^^ *IH J^9 C:^L\ ^^ J^\ iil^U u^.:* ^Jb 



J^^LkJl ,^-v^. ^^\ iw^^jJI. San'a is mentioned by Yaqut as 

 having vine-culture. Shtbam, a mount, which is situated eight 

 parasangs west of San'a, according to Imr. 59, 10 possessed 

 vineyards, the fruit of which was used to make wine. G'en- 

 wan (c;^>^)) which is 72 m. distant from San a and 48 m. 

 from SaMa, abounded in vines which produced grapes of an 

 extraordinary size. The dried grapes were of an excellent 

 taste and expensive. The raisins of G'enwan were exported 

 near and far^. According to Wellsted I, p. 103 ff., the inhabi- 

 tants of G'abal akhdar in *Oman are engaged in viticulture and 

 make wine. Idrisi^ states that 'Oman is growing wine. Oppo- 

 site Masqat (kiL**^) in 'Oman, on the island of Kaish (^^), 

 in the middle of the Persian gulf vine was cultivated 3. The 

 mountain valleys of 'Oman were the regions originally pro- 

 ducing the muscatel- grape. The Periplus even states that 

 wine was exported from Arabia to Barygaza in India. Of 

 the latter place he says: "Wine is imported in the trading 

 place, predominantly Italian, Laodicean and Arabian". 

 Mecca produced but a small quantity of grapes^. The 

 vineyards of Petra ^ are mentioned by Pliny (XIV, 9, 7). The 

 island of Tvlos in the Arabic gulf contained remarkable vines''. 

 The surroundings of at-Ta'if and of al-Cathif were renowned for 

 the excellence of their grapes ^. Mohammed caused the vine- 



il Jaubert, o. c, Vol. I, p. 144. 2) Jaubert, 0. c, Vol. I, p. 151. 



3) Jaubert, 0. c, Vol. I, p. 153. 4J Jaubert, 0. c, Vol. I, p. 139. 



5) Doubt, however, exists, if Pliny had in mind Petra in Arabia. Fee 

 suggested Petra in the Balearic Islands. See Dalman, G., Fetra mid seine Fels- 

 heiligtumer , p. I; "Feigen, Granatapfel, Aprikosen und Weinstocke sind die 

 Fruchtbaume, welche hier gedeihen". lu a papal bull of Honorius III., dated 

 Aug. 6, 12 18 and which was repeated Jan. 20, 1226, giving an enumeration of 

 the landed property of the monastery of Mount Sinai, are mentioned also the 

 vineyards of wadi mxisa near Petra. See ZDPV., Vol. X, p. 238; Rohricht, 

 Studien zur mittelalterl, Geographie und Topographic Syriens. 



6) Pliny XII, 23, i ; Theophr., Hist. pi. IV, 7. 8. 



7) See Abulfeda, Annal. mosL, p. 49. 126. The Omayyade caliph Yazid I. 

 procured his wine from at-Ta'if (v. Kremer, Culturgeschichte des Orients, I, p. 141). 



