90 



Lutz. \'iticulturt and Brewing. 



the tomb-painting at Deir eI-Gebr;i\vi we also noticed that tlie 

 artist indicated tlie hidden contents of the brewine vat. showino- 

 tlie >ellow grain in the white mass representing- the beer loaves, 

 which were trodden b}' the feet of a man who stands up to his 

 knees in the vat. While with the l^gyptians the process of tread- 

 ing the beer loaves and the grain, or the working and kneading 

 of these substances with both hands was most characteristic as 



the work of the brewer 



(^see Illustration Xos. l8 

 and 19), the Suniero-Akka- 

 dians considered the mak- 

 ing of beer loaves as the 

 actix-it)- most characteristic 

 for tha brewer. Thus, while 

 the Egyptians called the 

 brewer ^fty and re}>resen- 

 ted him ideographically by 



the sign IJj :^, ^, the 



Sumero-Akkadians called 

 the brewer /;/-KAS -f- 

 XIXDA. or bappir, \. e., 

 "the man of the beer 

 loaf". It is thus probable 

 that the verb "lahamu", 

 which is used to indicate 

 a certain activity of the 

 brewer, contains plainly 

 and simph- the word for 

 brewing, originally pro- 

 bably "to make loaves". 

 Lahamu is of course connected with the Hebrew word sn""; "bread", 

 and indicates tliat the activity which to the minds of the Egyptians 

 was most characteristic of the brewer, was also so considered 

 by the Sumero-Akkadians. and probably means also the same 

 as the Eg\-ptian V)*, "to wring, to knead, to press, to stir"- 

 The industr\- oi brewing beer thus was alike both in Eg\'pt 

 and in Babylonia. Both countries supplement in their literary 

 and pictorial remains our kno\\ledge of the making of beer 



Xo. iS. All Egyptian brewer i^altcr 

 Aeg. Zeitsckr. Bd. 35). 



