Wine and Beer in the Daily Life and Religion of the Ancient Orientals, m 



gave it to the goddess Sektet * of Heliopolis, in order to 

 grind it. The dada-fruit was added to the barley which was 

 crushed by the slaves, and the whole was mixed together 

 with the blood of men, making thus 7000 jugs of beer 

 Another version has it that wine was made, instead of beer, 

 out of "the blood of those who formerly fought against the 

 gods" 2. Plutarch in this connection asserts that before the 

 time of Psammetichus, the kings had abstained from wine, 

 and had even not allowed themselves to offer it up as sacri- 

 fice, since wine was held to be the blood b( the one-time 

 enemies of the gods. The one version gives us the origin of 

 the beer, the other that of the wine. For it states that when 

 these enemies of the gods were killed and their blood ming- 

 led with the earth, the vinestalk was created. The stor}- of 

 the first version winds up with the statement: "Thus originated 

 the girls in the Pleasent City. Re said to that goddess: 

 'Make sleeping-draughts for her at the time of the New Year 

 festival! Their number (shall be) according to(.'j that of my 

 (temple) slave-girls.' Thus originated the making of sleeping- 

 draughts for(.^) the number of slave-girls at the festival of 

 Hat-hor by all men since that day",^ The goddess Hathor 

 is generally brought into connection with the invention 

 of making beer. She is called ".she who, first, has made 



the beer", or, "the inventress of brewing", IM ^r^*- From 



the temple inscription of Dendera we learn that Hathor is 



called "the mistress of intoxication", ^J^^^O, or even, "the 



intoxicated one ", tehy .t, probably in connection with the myth 

 of the destruction of mankind. Dendera and its temple bore 



the name "the place of drunkenness", r ^ A^ (Diim. , Dend. 



10, 5), r I 1^ -5-1 I (Diim., Hist. Inschr. II, 57 a). A special 

 part of Hathor's temple was named "the house of drunkenness", 



Q 



o ci 



J 1^-5- (Diim., Dend. 14). Hathor figures also as the 



1) Or read "the miller" (?), see Miiller, Max W., Myth. p. 75. 



2) Cf. Plutarch, De Iside (ed. Parthey), VI. 



3) See Miiller, Max W., Myth. p. 76. 4) Diim., Kal. Inschr. 100. 



