CHAPTER XXIV. 14 



BILE. 



Liver bile 2 p -% bladder bile 12 p - c - solids. The difference is 

 due to concentration in the gall bladder and ducts, 

 where also mucinous substances are added. 

 Use bile from the gall bladder of the ox, sheep, or pig. 



1. Note its ropiness or viscidity. Due to mucin and neucleo- 



albumin. Add a few drops of dilute acetic acid a 

 stringy pp falls. (A mixture of mucin and neucleo- 

 albumin.) 



2. Proteids. Dilute bile with 3 volumes of water, boil no 



result. 



3. Bile salts. Glyco-cholate and tauro-cholate of soda and 



salts of fellic acid. 



a. Pettenkofer's reaction. To some bile add two-thirds volume 



of H 2 SO 4 so slowly that the temperature does not rise 

 above 60 C., then add 3 to 5 drops of cane sugar 

 syrup (1 in 5), agitate, a red colour passing into violet 

 results. The acid simultaneously produces furfurol from 

 the cane sugar and liberates the cholic acid, which, reacting 

 upon each other, yield the colour. The violet tint must be 

 present. 



This reaction is not specific in the urine as other substances 

 give it also. (Udranszky mentions amongst others proteids, 

 cholesterin, phenol, turpentine, salicylic acid, pyrogallol, and 

 morphin.) 



b. Strasburger's modification of the above test. Mix the bile- 



containing fluid with syrup, dip pieces of blotting paper 

 into it. Dry, then touch with H 2 SO 4 . After fifteen 



