ALIMENTARY CANAL AND ITS APPENDAGES 311 



into duodenum, jejunum and ileum, and the large intestine into 

 colon and rectum. A Uind-gut or caecum is often present at the 

 junction of the large and small intestine. Between the stomach 



FIG. 227. DIAGRAM OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL OF MAN. 



A, anus ; Co,, Ct, Cd, ascending, transverse, and descending portions of the colon : 

 Dd, small intestine ; Gls, salivary glands; Gl.th, thyroid; Gl.thy, thymus ; 

 Lb, liver ; Lg, lung ; Mg, stomach ; Oe, esophagus ; Pa, pancreas, Ph, 

 pharynx ; Pv, vermiform appendix (caecum) ; P, rectum ; Vic, position of 

 ileo-colic valve ; Z, diaphragm. 



and duodenum, as well as between the ileum and large intestine, 

 there is as a rule a marked elevation of the muscular coat serving 

 as a sphincter (pyloric and ileo-colic valves). These serve not only 



