xiv CONTENTS. 



IV. CHEMICAL PHENOMENA OF RESPIRATION 317 



Modifications in the air exhaled, 317. Modifications in the 

 blood which passes through the lungs, 318. Theory of 

 respiration, 321. Respiration of the tissues, 322. Office of 

 the blood in respiration, 323. Function of the pulmonary 

 surface, 325. Asphyxia, 328. General results of respira- 

 tion, 331. 



V. INFLUENCE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ON RESPIRATION . . 335 



The respiratory nerve centre, 335. The centripetal paths, 

 336. Centrifugal paths, 338. 



II. ANIMAL HEAT. 



Source of the animal heat, 340. Loss of heat, 342. Influ- 

 ence of the nervous system, 345. 



III. LARYNX AND PHONATION. 



Structure of the larynx, glottis, 348. Mechanism of phona- 

 tion, 353. True vocal cord, 355. Appendages to the 

 phonating system, trachea and pharynx, etc., 357. Voice 

 and speech, 358. Tone and pitch, 359. Vowels and con- 

 sonants, 360. Innervation of the laryngeal system, 361. 



EIGHTH PART. 

 EXTERNAL INTEGUMENT. 



I. Structure of the skin, dermis 364 



Epidermis, 365. Life of the globular elements of the epider- 

 mis, 366. Epidermal growths (hair, nails, and feathers), 

 369. 



II. Phenomena of exchanges effected by the skin 370 



Absorption, 370.' Secretions, 372. Sweat glands and per- 

 spiration, 373. Composition of sweat, 374. Influence of 

 the nervous system, 376. Uses of the sweat, 377. Seba- 

 ceous secretion, 378. Breasts and milk, 379. Colostrum, 

 380. 



III. Nerve functions of the skin . . 384 



Importance of cutaneous sensibility, 384. 



NINTH PART. 



ORGANS OF THE SPECIAL SENSES. 



I. GENERAL SENSATIONS 



Mucous surfaces, 386. Pulmonary organs, 387. Uro-genital 

 mucous membrane, 388. Muscular sense, 389. 



