BRACKEN FERN AND TWO SPECIES 43 



arrangement of the frond would be on the 

 following lines. On either side of the rachis 

 the pinnae are produced ; these usually branch 

 alternately from the central stalk. The pinnae 

 bear fan-shaped pinnules, which are attached 

 to the stalk of the leaf -division by very fine 

 stalks. The margin of the pinnules is much 



Adiantum capillus-veneris. Enlarged view of back of frond. 



notched and veined. Where the frond is of a 

 very large size they may be divided three 

 times. 



In the case of a fertile frond the edges of the 

 pinnules are turned back in a very striking way. 

 If we turn up the fold, it is possible to see the 

 sporangia arranged on the underside. Before 

 the fertile leaf has reached maturity the upper. 



