SCOTLAND 



4-95 



which are recited on these occasions. Cymric is the every-day tongue of the people, and many 

 of them can speak nothing else. Magazines and newspapers are published in the national 

 language, and scholars and poets encourage the people to maintain it against the invidious 

 encroachment of English. The Welsh are a musical people; and the harp, on which they 

 have from time to time produced excellent players, may perhaps be considered their national 

 instrument. 



In costume they possess no particularly striking features, unless it be the quaint form of 

 tall hat worn by women in country places. 



Large numbers of the people belong to the religious body known as Calvinist Methodists, 

 but the Establishment is a branch of the English Church. Christianity was brought into Wales 

 not later than the year 400, though the exact date is unknown. British Christians, driven 

 from their homes, sought a refuge in the security of this mountainous country, and 'at once 



Photo by Valentine & Sons, Ltd.] 



[Dundee 



A GROUP OF FISHERMEN, DEVONSHIRE. 



divided it into ecclesiastical divisions. The four Welsh Sees of St. David, Llandaff, St. Asaph, 

 and Bangor are thus of great antiquity. 



SCOTLAND. 



The inhabitants of Caledonia, to use the ancient name of this country, may be roughly divided 

 into Highlanders and Lowlanders, with a joint population of 4,025,647. The former are Celts.' 

 while the latter are Saxons, being for the most part of the same race as the English on the other 

 side of the Border. Shetland and Orkney and a great part of the east coast are Scandinavian. 

 It need hardly be remarked that at the present day a pure Teuton or a pure Celt or, for that 

 matter, a pure specimen of any of the great original races of mankind is practically unknown. 

 The most that can be stated with certainty is that the various countries of the world have 

 clearly defined characteristics, which entitle their inhabitants to be regarded as representatives 



