IO4- 



THE LIVING RACES OF MANKIND 



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at the proper season, a boat-load of 

 passengers is capsized in order that the 

 ferry may be safe for the ensuing year. 

 A human sacrifice is necessary to pro- 

 cure a good harvest; and although the 

 Shans dare not in these days openly 

 kill a fellow-creature as a sacrifice, they 

 endeavour to poison some one at a 

 State festival. The chiefs set their faces 

 against the custom, but cannot suppress 

 it altogether. 



The people of Siam have for ages 

 intermarried with Laos, Shans, Peguans, 

 Cambodians, and Chinese, as well as with 

 slaves of the aborigines, or Khas, of 

 whom many quite different tribes are 

 found. Hence the type is varied. 



Not very much is known about the 

 Khas. While the Laos inhabit the 

 mountain valleys, these people live on 

 ridges and heights, never less than 

 3,000 feet above the sea-level, and 

 their clearings in the forest on the 

 high hill-slopes are often visible many 

 a mile away. The Siamese name Kha 

 Che is generally applied to all of them. 

 According to Mr. H. AVarington Smyth, 

 F.R.G.S., author of the interesting work 

 "Five Years in Siam," they are a short, 

 thick-set people. They live in small 

 communities, with no chiefs, and possess 

 no social organisation. Mr. Warington 

 Smyth says: "Notwithstanding their 

 wild and savage mien, the Khas are 

 gentle, harmless folk, patient and enduring on the march, and grand climbers." At the same 

 time he speaks of their "singular stupidity." He has very kindly lent some of the photographs 

 here reproduced. 



ANAM. 



THE kingdom of Anam occupies the eastern side of the Indo-Chinese Peninsula, and is bordered 

 on the south by Lower Cochin-China and the subject kingdom of Cambodia. The French, 

 having established themselves on the Me Kong Delta, have asserted their authority throughout 

 the whole of Anam, and made it a vassal state. It consists of three divisions: Tongking, i.e. 

 the "Eastern Land"; Lower Cochin-China, or the "Interior Land"; and Chiampa, in the 

 south-east corner of the peninsula. The country has a population roughly estimated at from 

 10,000,000 to 20,000,000. 



The civilised inhabitants of the above countries present a striking uniformity of physical 

 and mental characteristics. They appear to have been moulded in the course of ages, partly by 

 geographical and partly by political conditions, into a homogeneous ethnographical group. 



The Anamite man is scarcely of middle height, shorter and less vigorous than his 

 neighbours; his complexion is tawny, but darker than that of the Chinese; the forehead is low, 



Fiviti " Le Tour da Monde." 



A YOUNG COUPLE (KHAS). 



