THE HISTORY OF 



[SECT. i. 



pipes, are necessary to complete the species of water engine indicated by the 

 description, and these may be on the other side of the boiler. 



Such a mode of raising water would be most expensive from the quantity of 

 condensation when the steam came in contact with cold water, but it was fully 

 capable of producing the quantity of effect mentioned, for it is only equivalent to 

 raising 20 cubic feet of water or 1250 Ibs. one foot high by one pound of coal, 

 or about the 200th part of the effect of a good steam engine. Hence, it appears, 

 that to the Marquis of Worcester must be ascribed the first invention and trial of 

 a practical mode of applying steam as a prime mover, and of applying it to one of 

 those great purposes for which it has been so useful to society. 



1683. SIR SAMUEL MORLAND, died 1695. 



5. From a part of a manuscript in the Harleian collection in the British 

 Museum, it appears that a mode of raising water by steam, similar to that of the 

 Marquis of Worcester's, was proposed, among other methods, to Louis XIV. of 

 France, by Sir Samuel Morlaud. It contains no description of the method he 

 intended to employ, but there is sufficient to indicate that its author was not with- 

 out knowledge of his subject. 



The title of the part which treats of the power of steam is, ' The Principles of 

 the New Force of Fire, invented by Chev. Morland in 1682, and presented to his 

 most Christian Majesty in 1683 ;' and these principles are explained as follows : 

 " Water being converted into vapour by the force of fire, these vapours shortly 

 require a greater space (about 2000 times) than the water before occupied, and, 

 sooner than be constantly confined, would split a piece of cannon. But being 

 duly regulated according to the rules of statics, and by science reduced to measure, 

 weight, and balance, then they bear their load peaceably (like good horses) and 

 thus become of great use to mankind, particularly for raising water, according to 

 the following table, which shews the number of pounds that may be raised 1800 

 times per hour, to a height of six inches, by cylinders half filled with water, as 

 well as the different diameters and depths of the said cylinders." 



