CATTLE PRODUCTION 31 



quantity of ash than wheat bran. They are slightly higher in protein and in 

 total nutrients than wheat bran and usually higher in price. Their pasty 

 condition when moist necessitates using them in mixtures having considerable 

 variety to insure palatability. 



Wheat Screenings. They consist of broken, shrivelled wheat kernels, 

 weed seeds and other foreign material. Screenings should be finely ground 

 to overcome the growth of noxious weeds from seeds which may pass un- 

 injured through animals and be carried to -the fields in manure. They may 

 be regarded as more valuable for sheep feeding than for dairy rations. Except 

 as bran with mill-run screenings in the ration, they are not generally used for 

 dairy cattle. 



BARLEY, OATS AND RYE. 



Barley. Barley is a palatable feed and substitute for corn meal where 

 the price permits. Like corn it should be ground and fed in combination with 

 other feeds that increase the bulk and protein of the mixture. 



Oats. When ground oats compare with bran in price, they are well 

 adapted for feeding dairy 'cattle. They are bulky, palatable and slightly 

 laxative. The price should determine the amount included in grain mixtures. 



Rye. Rye is not especially palatable and tends to produce a tallowy 

 butter. Its composition is similar to corn and if fed to dairy cows should be 

 mixed with other feeds. 



Ernmer or Speltz. This grain is a part of the wheat family grown in 

 semi-arid regions. In composition it is similar to barley and corn. Feeding 

 trials with dairy cows indicate that its value is more than 10 per cent less 

 than that of barley or corn. 



BUCKWHEAT BY-PRODUCTS. 



Buckwheat Hulls. These are the black wheat hulls of buckwheat grain 

 dnd have little feeding value. 



Buckwheat Middlings. These are the part of the kernel immediately 

 under the hulls which are separated from the flour in the process of milling. 

 They are heavy and are best fed in comparatively small quantities in com- 

 bination with other feeds. They are often a cheap source of protein. 



Buckwheat Bran or Feed. This is a combination of middlings and a 

 given per cent of hulls, and possesses a feeding value considerably lower than 

 that of middlings. 



Dried Distillers' Grains. The dried residue from corn obtained in the 

 manufacture of alcohol and distilled liquors constitutes a bulky, palatable, 

 high protein feed for dairy cows. Dried distillers' grains from rye possess 

 less than two-thirds the value of dried distillers' grains from corn. 25 to 40 

 per cent of the grain mixture for dairy cows can well be corn dried distillers' 

 grains. 



Brewers' Dried Grains. These grains are the properly dried residue from 

 cereals used in the manufacture of beer. They constitute a bulky feed rich 



