32 THE RURAL EFFICIENCY GUIDE STOCK 



in protein. In combination with feeds that insure palatability they serve well 

 in dairy rations. It is often necessary to develop the appetite of cows for 

 them by gradually introducing them into the mixture. 



Brewers' Wet Grains. The freshly extracted residue obtained in malting 

 and brewing grains for beer provides a suitable feed for dairy cattle. On 

 farms near breweries where the grains can be secured and kept and utilized in 

 a fresh, wholesome condition, 20 to 30 Ibs. per head daily may be fed with 

 hay and other roughage. 



Malt Sprouts. As a source of protein, malt sprouts mixed with other 

 feeds to insure palatability, may be fed to good advantage to dairy cows. 

 They are the shrivelled sprouts from dried malt grains. The amount fed daily 

 should not exceed 2 Ibs. unless they are soaked before feeding. 



Linseed Oil Meal. The ground residue of flaxseed obtained in the process 

 of extracting oil from flaxseed, can well be 5 to 20 per cent of the grain 

 mixture for dairy cattle. Old process oil meal refers to the residue obtained 

 from crushing the flaxseed and pressing out the oil. New process oil meal 

 is the result of crushing the flaxseed and dissolving out the oil meal with 

 naphtha. In the United States nearly all the linseed oil meal is made by the 

 old process which is regarded the better process from the feeder's standpoint. 

 Oil meal is laxative and is valuable for conditioning animals as well as in 

 furnishing protein. 



Cotton Seed Meal and Cotton Seed Feed. Cotton seed meal is the finely 

 ground residue secured in extracting oil from cotton seed. The meal is graded 

 on the basis of its protein content. Choice refers to meal excellent in quality, 

 sweet in odor, yellow in color without excess of lint and contains at least 41 

 per cent of protein. Prime refers to meal similar to choice and contains only 

 38.6 per cent protein. Good refers to meal finely ground, not necessarily 

 bolted, however, of sweet odor, reasonably bright in color and must contain 

 at least 36 per cent of protein. Cotton seed meal is slightly constipating and 

 is used largely as a source of protein. Prices often warrant using 5 to 20 per 

 cent of cotton seed meal in mixtures for dairy cattle. 



Dried Beet Pulp. The dried residue of feeds used in the manufacture 

 of sugar is commonly used as a feed, for dairy cattle. This feed is best used 

 when soaked 24 hours prior to feeding it and fed in combination with other 

 feeds. Approximately 8 Ibs. of dried beet pulp soaked 12 to 24 hours offers 

 a substitute for green roots or corn silage. The pulp is often fed to good 

 advantage, to give variety to rations for test cows. 



Alfalfa Meal. Commercial alfalfa meal is the entire alfalfa hay ground 

 without an admixture of ground alfalfa straw or foreign materials, except in 

 combination with molasses to keep down the dust and with feeds that require 

 greater bulk and palatability, alfalfa is best fed to dairy cattle in the form 

 of hay. Dairymen desiring to use alfalfa meal should consider the possibility 

 of grinding their own hay and mixing it to suit their needs. 



Mixed Dairy Feeds. These vary in their character owing to the nature 

 of the materials of which they are composed. Some possess merit and others 



