192 THE STOCKFEEDER'S COMPANION 



The foods selected should have no injurious effect 

 either on the quantity or quality of milk yielded, or the 

 butter, etc., made therefrom. Another practical point 

 is, when very rich concentrated foods are used, they 

 should generally be " opened up " by adding a " bulky 

 concentrate" such as bran or brewers' grains, so as 

 to enable the digestive juices to act more effectively 

 on the nutrients in the ration. 



The following " standard " should be adhered to in 

 making up the concentrated part of ration, although 

 one would come fairly near by taking one-quarter 

 from Section I. (p. 188), one-quarter from II. (a), and 

 one-half by weight from III. ; or one-third from I. and 

 two-thirds from III. 



Feeding Standard for Dairy Cows. The following 

 standard for the concentrated part of ration will be 

 found very suitable for cows receiving hay or straw 

 along with roots : 



Albuminoids, 15 to 20 per cent. ; oil, 4 to 6 per cent. ; 

 fibre, not exceeding 10 per cent. 



When cows are receiving straw or inferior hay for 

 the bulky fodder, up to, say, 21 Ibs. per day, the com- 

 position of the concentrated food should approximate 

 to the maximum : i.e., albuminoids, 20 per cent. ; and oil, 

 6 per cent, (see rations 4, 6, 7, and 8). Locust-bean meal 

 may be used to sweeten a ration, and thus make it more 

 attractive. 



With regard to roots, cabbages, etc., these may be 

 given up to 40 Ibs. per head per day, or possibly more. 

 If these are not available, their place may be taken 

 with 20 to 35 Ibs. wet brewers' grains, or in some cases 

 treacle. In fact, the latter is very useful as a combined 

 sweetener of foods and a laxative when the ration 

 requires it. 



