FOREST POLICY. 69 



growth coming on to partially fill the gap made by the ex- 

 haustion of the virgin timber. Hemlock lumber of more 

 than the immediate future will be chiefly the western hemlock 

 of Oregon and Washington, where there is much stumpage 

 that so far has been but little drawn upon." 

 The value of the commercial products of the sawmills and 



planing mills in the United States, since 1850, is shown by 



census statistics as follows: 



Census Value of Products. 



] 850 $ 60,400,000.00 



1860 96,200,000.00 



1870 210,100,000.00 



1880 233,300,000.00 



1890 437,900,000.00 



1900 566,600,000.00 



The value, at the points of manufacture, of our various forest 

 products produced in the year 1908 was as follows: 



Value of forest products 1908 



Total $1,050,000,000 



Lumber, lath, shingles, and veneer 560,000,000 



Firewood, posts, poles, and rails . . . 325,000,000 



Hewed cross-ties 45,000,000 



Cooperage stock 32,000,000 



Turpentine and rosin 30,000,000 



Pulp wood 20,000,000 



Tan bark and tanning extracts ... 15,000,000 



Miscellaneous 23,000,000 



In Germany the commercial production at home falls short 

 of covering the home requirements. 



As a consequence, Germany imports a large amount of lumber 

 and timber from Russia, Austria, Hungary, Scandinavia, the 

 United States, and Canada. Noteworthy is it that Germany, 

 although having plenty of stumpage at hand, refuses to supply 

 her industries fully with the home-grown timber; thus forcing 

 the industries to seek additional supplies abroad. 



The excess of the German imports over the German exports 

 has averaged, between 1895 and 1900, almost 4 million tons 

 of timber and lumber, valued at approximately 55 million dollars. 



